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Life Science
Chapter 4
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Mitosis | cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei identical to each other, and identical to the original nucleus. |
asexual reproduction | a new organism is produced from one organism and has DNA identical to the parent organism. |
zygote | new diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg; will divide by mitosis and develop into a new organism. |
diploid | cell whose similar chromosomes occur in pairs. |
haploid | cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells. |
chromosome | a structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material. |
meiosis | process that produces four haploid sex cells from one diploid cell and ensures offspring will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent organism. |
Cell Cycle | Series of events that takes place from one cell division to the next. |
Interphase | most of the life of any cell is spent in this period of cell growth and development. |
Regeneration | The process that uses cell division to regrow body parts. |
Fertilization | Joining of an egg and a sperm. |
mutation | Any permanent change in genetic material of a cell. |
gene | a section of DNA on a chromosome. |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material of all organisms; made up of two twisted strands of sugar-phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases. |
RNA | ribonucleic acid; a type of nucleic acid that carries the codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes. |