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Clinical Research
Clinical Research Quiz 3 pt 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| mixed methods research | research in which the investigator collects and analyses data, INTEGRATES findings, and DRAWS INFERENCES using both qualitative and quantitative approaches/methods in a single study or program of inquiry |
| concurrent designs | when t/ qualitative and quantitative data in MM study IS COLLECTED at the same time |
| sequential designs | qualitative & quantitative data in MM study NOT collected at the same time |
| triangulation design | obtaining different, but complimentary data about the central phenomenon under study; qualitative & quantitative data are collected simultaneously & w/ equal priority; notation: QUAL + QUAN |
| embedded design | one type of data is used in a SUPPORTIVE capacity in a study based primarily on the other data type; either data can be dominant; notation: QUAL(quan) or QUAN(qual) |
| exPLANatory design | sequential design w/ quantitative data collected in 1st phase, followed by qualitative data in 2nd phase; either data can be given stronger priority; notation: QUAN-->qual or quan-->QUAL[“PLAN-QUAN”] |
| exploratory design | sequential design w/ qualitative data collected in 1st phase, followed by quantitative data in 2nd phase; either data can be given stronger priority; notation: QUAL-->quan or qual-->QUAN |
| identical sampling | when exactly the SAME people are in both components of the study |
| nested sampling | participants in qualitative strand are subset of participants in quantitative strand |
| parallel sampling | sampling in t/ 2 strands are completely different, although usually drawn from same or similar population |
| multilevel sampling | selecting samples from diff levels of a hierarchy—usually diff but related populations |
| meta-inferences | a conclusion generated by integrating inferences obtained from results of the qualitative and quantitative strands of an MM study |
| qualitizing | the process of reading and interpreting quantitative data in a qualitative manner |
| quantitizing | the process of coding and analyzing qualitative data quantitatively |
| meta-matrix | a 2-dimensional device used in a mixed methods study that permits researchers to recognize important patterns and themes across data sources |
| inference quality | the believability and accuracy of the inductively and deductively derived conclusions from an MM study |
| inference transferability | degree to which the mixed methods conclusions can be applied to other similar people, context, settings, time periods, & theoretical representations of the phenomenon |
| integrative framework for inference quality | a framework that uses 2 broad families of criteria for evaluating quality: design quality and interpretive rigor; by Teddlie & Tashakkori |
| nursing intervention research | studies that questions/test existing practices/innovations; shaped & guided by nursing’s values & goals, strong theory; informed by recent science advances, to improve the quality of care and health of those cared for |
| complex intervention | an intervention in which complexity exists along one or more dimensions, including number of components, number or targeted outcomes, and the time needed for the full intervention to be delivered |
| intervention theory | the conceptual underpinning of a healthcare intervention, which articulates the theoretical basis for what must be done to achieve desired outcomes |
| Effect size | a statistical expression of the magnitude of the relationship btw 2 variables, or t/ magnitude of the diff btw groups on an attribute of interest; also used in metasynthesis to characterize the salience of a theme/category |
| Evidence-based practice (EBP) | clinical problem-solving strategy that emphasizes t/ integration of best available evidence form disciplined research w/ clinical expertise and pt preferences |
| Fail-safe number | in meta-synthesis, a estimate of the number of studies w/ nonsignificant results that would be needed to reverse the conclusion of a significant effect |
| Frequency effect size | in meta-synthesis, indicates magnitude of findings; is the number of reports w/ unduplicated info that contain a given finding, divided by all unduplicated reports; the percentage of reports contain a given thematic finding |
| Funnel plot | a graphical display that plots a measure of study precision (i.e. sample size) against effect size, to explore the possibility of publication bias |
| Grey literature | unpublished, & thus less readily accessible papers or research reports |
| Intensity effect size | in meta-synthesis, the percentage of all thematic findings that are contained in any given report |
| Inverse variance method | in meta-analysis, using inverse of the variance of the effect estimate as the weight to calculate a weighted avg of effects |
| Magnitude | |
| Manifest effect sizes | next step in metasummary; effect sizes calculated form the manifest content pertaining to frequency and intensity effect sizes |
| Meta-data analysis | the study of results of reported research in a specific substantive area of investigation by means of analyzing the “processed data” |
| Meta-method | t/ study of the METHODologic rigor of studies included in metasynthesis |
| Meta-summary | a type of analysis that lays the foundation for a metasynthesis, involving the development of a list of abstracted findings from primary studies and calculating manifest effect sizes (frequency & intensity effect size) |
| Meta-theory | analysis of theoretical underpinnings on which studies are grounded |
| Primary studies | original research investigations |
| Publication bias | t/ tendency for published studies to over-represent statistically significant findings |
| Random effects model | in meta-analysis, a model in which studies are not assumed to be measuring the same overall effect, but rather a distribution of effects |
| Sensitivity analysis | An effort to test how sensitive the results of a statistical analysis are to changes in assumptions or in the way the analysis was done (e.g., In a meta-analysis, used to assess whether conclusions are sensitive to the quality of the studies included) |
| Subgroup analyses | in meta-analysis, a type of strategy used to explore moderating effects on effect size; involves splitting the effect size info from studies into distinct categorical groups; ex: gender |
| Meta-regression | in meta-analysis, an analytic approach for exploring clinical and methodologic factors contributing to heterogeneity of effects |
| Statistical heterogeneity | diversity of effects across primary studies included in a meta-analysis |
Created by:
Fukanwa
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