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Classification
Unit 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Virus | A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea. |
| Host cell | A cell that harbors foreign molecules, viruses, or microorganisms. For example, a cell being host to a virus. |
| Lytic cycle | the process by which a virus infects a cell causing it to reproduce more viruses and the burst to allow baby viruses to be released and infect other cells. typically the most commen type of virus reproduction. EX: the commen cold |
| Lysogenic cycle | the process by which a virus infects a cell and enters its DNA into the cells DNA and lies dorment until the immune system is weak. EX: chicken pox |
| Prokaryote | does not have a true nucleus or any organells, some of the 1st organisms. EX bacteria |
| Bacteria | prokaryotes, no nucleus |
| Coccus | a type of bacteria with a round/spherical shape |
| bacillus | type of bacteria that is rod shaped |
| Spirillum | type of bacteria with a spiral shape (usually bad) |
| Diplo | '2' bacteria in a strand of two |
| Binary fission | type of asexual reproduction, when a cell splits in two (common among bacteria) |
| Conjugation | when two bacteria temporarely fuse to exchange genetic material to increase the gene pool |
| Nitrogen fixation | the process by which certain types of bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into compounds |
| Staphylo | a 'bunch of grapes' |
| Protozoa | scientific name for the animal like protist category |
| Protist | eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or a fungus |
| Algae | a photosynthetic plant like protist |
| Cilia | short hair-like structures that cover some or all of the cell surface and help the organism move |
| Pseudopods | temporary extention of cytoplasm and plasma membrane that helps protozoa moove and feed |
| Flagellum | a whiplike structure located outside the cell that is used for movement |
| Zooplankton | animal plankton |
| Diatoms | plant like protists with glass like shells made of silica |
| Kelp | a large protist |
| Red tide | caused by dinoflagelates that have toxin |
| Fungi | hetertrophs that absorb their food and reproduce using spores |
| Hyphae | thread-like filament forming the body and mycelium of the fungus |
| Mycelium | vegeitive part of fungus consisting of a mass of thread like branching hyphae that grows from underground |
| Absorption | process bu which nutrients move out of one system and into another |
| Chitin | makes up the cell walls of fungi, very tough |
| Spores | small and seed like, reproduction of mushrooms |
| Lichen | fungus that grows symbiotically with algae, resulting with a composite organism that grows on rocks or tree tuncks |
| Mycorrhizae | ecological relationship between mycelium of a fungus and certain roots of plants |
| Antibiotic | a chemical that kills or slows the growth of bacteria |
| Phytoplankton | photosynthetic microscopic protists |
| Kingdom | the largest and broadest taxonomy level |
| Binomial nomenclature | the naming system in which each speicies is given a two part scientifical name (genus, species) in latin |
| Species | the smallest, most specific taxonomy level |
| Taxon | a group of organisms in a classification level |
Created by:
18verheb
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