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Chapter 8 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pholem | the vascular tissue through which food moves |
| Xylem | travel in the vascular tissue |
| pollen | tiny structures that contain the cells that later become sperm cells |
| seed | structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering |
| cotyledons | one or more seed leaves |
| germination | embryo begins to grow and pushes out of the seed |
| root cap | protects the root from injury from rocks as the root growa through soil |
| cambium | divide to produce new phloem and xylem |
| transpiration | process by which water evaporates from a plants leaves |
| gymnosperm | a seed plant that produces naked seeds |
| ovule | a structure that contains an egg cell |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from a male reproductive structure |
| angiosperms | rafflesia belongs to the group |
| flower | reproductive structure of an angiosperm |
| sepals | enclosed by leaf like structures |
| petals | sepals fold back and reveal the flower's colorful leaves |
| stamens | male reproductive part of a flower |
| pistils | female reproductive part of a flower |
| ovary | the hollow structure |
| fruit | a ripened ovary |
| monocot | angiosperms that only have one seed leaf |
| dicots | angiosperms that have two seed leaves |
| cuticle | waxy, waterproof layer that prevents waterloss |
| vascular tissue | system of tube-like structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move |
| zygote | a fertilized egg |
| non-vascular plant | plants that lack a well-developed system of tubes for transporting water |
| vascular plant | have the well-developed system of tubes for transporting water |
| sporophyte | the plant produces spores |
| gametophyte | the plant produces two kinds of sex cells; sperm cells and egg cells |
| tropism | plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus |
| hormone | a chemical that affects how the plant grows and develops |
| auxin | speeds up the rate at which a plant's cells grow |
| photoperiodism | a plants response to seasonal changes in length of night and day |
| short-day plant | flower when nights are longer than a critical length |
| long-day plant | flower when nights are shorter than a critical length |
| critical night length | the number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower |
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