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Physical Earth Sci.
For a science test about Physical Earth Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anticline | a ridge-shaped fold of stratified rock in which the strata slope downward from the crest. |
| Fault | a place where sections of the crust of the earth move. |
| Folding | occurs when one or a stack of originally flat surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, are bent or curved as a result of permanent deformation. |
| Foot wall | a mass of rock lying beneath a fault plane. |
| GIS | Geographic Information Systems |
| GPS | The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the earth where there is unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. |
| Hanging wall | the rock that lies below a normal fault. |
| Hot springs | a spring of naturally hot water, typically heated by subterranean volcanic activity. |
| Longitudinal Wave | a wave vibrating in the direction of propagation. |
| Normal Fault | a geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall. |
| Oceanic Vents | a fissure in the ocean floor especially at or near a mid-ocean ridge from which mineral-rich superheated water issues. Also known as hydrothermal vents. |
| Planetary Differentiation | how the earth developed into compositionally distinct layers, the denser materials of a planet sink to the center, while less dense materials rise to the surface. |
| Primary Waves | alternatingly compressional and extensional, and cause the rocks they pass through to change in volume. These waves are the fastest traveling seismic waves and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. Also called P wave. |
| Propagation | The movement of a wave through a medium |
| Reflection | Reflection is a change in direction of a wave upon striking the interface between two materials. |
| Refraction | The turning or bending of any wave, such as a light or sound wave, when it passes from one medium into another of different density. |
| Reverse Fault | a geological fault in which the hanging wall apprears to have been pushed up along the footwall. |
| Geysers | a hot spring in which water intermittently boils, sending a tall column of water and steam into the air. |
| Secondary Waves | secondary waves cause the rocks they pass through to change in shape. These waves are the second fastest traveling seismic waves (after primary waves) and can travel through solids but not through liquids or gases. Also called shear waves, S wave. |
| Seismic Waves | an elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other means. |
| sonar | a system for the detection and for measuring depth by emitting sound pulses and detecting or measuring their return after being reflected. |
| Strike Slip Fault | a fault in which rock strata are displayed mainly in a horizontal direction, parallel to the line of the fault. |
| Surface Waves | In physics, a surface wave is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media, usually as a gravity wave between two fluids with different densities. |
| Syncline | a trough or fold of stratified rock in which the strata slope upward from the axis. |
| Transverse Waves | a wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation. |
Created by:
sharkMAH
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