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Body System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism |
| Joint | A lace in the body where two bones come together |
| Spongy Bone | Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone. |
| Compact Bone | Hard,dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone. |
| Cartilage | A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together. |
| Ligament | Strong connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints. |
| Tendon | Strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. |
| Red Marrow | The red vascular substance consistence of connective tissue and blood vessels. |
| Yellow Marrow | Bone marrow that is yellow with fat. |
| Skeletal Muscle | A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones. |
| Striated Muscle | A muscle that appears banded;also called skeletal muscle. |
| Smooth Muscle | Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body. |
| Cardiac Muscle | Muscle tissue found only in the heart. |
| Integumentary System | The organ system that protects the body from various kinds of damage. |
| Epidermis | The outer layer of the skin. |
| Dermis | The inner layer of the skin. |
| Melanin | A pigment that gives skin its color. |
| Follicle | Structure in the dermis of the skin from which a strand of hair grows. |
| Mechanical Digestion | Process by which food is broken down into simple chemical. |
| Epiglottis | A flap of tissue that seals of the windpipe and prevents food from entering. |
| Peristalsis | Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep found moving along in one direction through the digestive system. |
| Esophagus | A muscle tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. |
| Absorption | The process by which nutrients pass from the digestive system into the blood. |
| Villus | The villi work in partnership with the small intestine to dispatch nutrients to the bloodstream. |
| Pacemaker | A group of cells located in the right atrium that sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract and that regulates heartbeat rate. |
| Atery | A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. |
| Capilary | A tiny blood vessel where substance are exchanged between the blood and the body cells. |
| Vein | A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. |
| Plasma | The liquid part of blood. |
| Red Blood Cell | A cell in the blood that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to cells elsewhere in the body. |
| Hemoglobin | An iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules. |
| White Blood Cell | A blood cell that fights disease. |
| Platelet | A cell fragment that plays an important part in forming blood colts. |
| Lymph | The fluid that the lymphatic system collects and returns to the bloodstream. |
| Lymph Node | A small knob of tissue in the lymphatic system that filters lymph,trapping bacteria and other microorganism that cause disease. |
| Cilia | The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner. |
| Pharynx | The throat |
| Trachea | The windpipe: a passage through which air moves in the respiratory system |
| Alveoli | Tiny sacs of lungs tissue specialized for the movements of gases between air and blood. |
| Diaphragm | A large muscle located at the bottom of a mammals rib cage that functions in breathing. |
| Larynx | The voice box. |
| Excretion | The process by which wastes are removed fro the body. |
| Urea | A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins. |
| Kidney | A major organ of the excretory system that removes urea and other wastes from the blood. |
| Ureter | A narrow tube that carries urine from one of the kidneys to the urinary bladder. |
| Urinary Bladder | A sack like muscular organ that store urine it is eliminated from the body. |
| Urethra | A small tube through which urine flows from the body. |
| Nephron | Small filtering structure found in the kidneys that removes waste from blood and produces urine. |
| Pathogen | An organism that cause disease. |
| Inflammatory Response | Part of the body's defense against pathogens,in which fluid and white blood cells leak from blood vessels into tissues, and white blood cells destroy pathogens. |
| Immune Response | Part of the body's defense against pathogens in which cells of the immune system react to each kind of pathogens with a defense targeted specially at that pathogen. |
| Antibody | A protein produced by a B cell of the immune system that destroys pathogen. |
| Stimulus | A change in an organisms surroundings that causes the organism to react. |
| Response | An action or change in behavior that occurs in reaction to a stimulus. |
| Neuron | A cell that carries information through the nervous system. |
| Dendrite | A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses toward the cell body. |
| Axon | A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body. |
| Nerve | A bundle of nerve fibers |
| Sensory Neuron | A neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse |
| Interneuron | A neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another. |
| Motor Neuron | A neuron that sends an impulse to a muscle gland, causing the muscle or gland to react. |
| Synapse | The junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to the next structure |
| Central Nervous System | The division of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord. |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Division of the nervous system consisting of all of the nervous located outside the central nervous system |
| Somatic Nervous System | Group of nerves in the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary actions |
| Autonomic Nervous System | The group of nerves in the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions. |
| Reflex | An automatic response that occurs rapidly and without conscious control. |
| Hormone | A chemical in an organism that produces a specific effect such as growth or development. |
| Endocrine Gland | A structure of the endocrine system that produces and releases its chemical products directly into the bloodstream |
| Target Cell | A cell in the body that recognizes a hormone's chemical structure. |
| Chemical Digestion | The process by which chemicals in the body break down food molecules. |
Created by:
barreironataly
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