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Geology

Volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
Shield volcanoes A broad volcanoes with a gentle slope built from successful lava flows
Cinder/scoria cones A cone shaped hill that consist of Pyroclastic materials ejected from a volcanoes vent
Composite/stratovolcanoe cone Cone shaped volcanoes composed of alternating Pyroclastic material and lava flows
Hot spot Weak spot in lithosphere that allows magma to break through
Fissure Linear volcanic vent which lava erupts usually without explosion.
Caldera A cauldron like feature usually formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption
Pahoehoe flow Smooth ropes lava flows
Block lava Basaltic lava in the form of a chaotic assemblage of angular blocks
Pyroclastic flow Hot high viscosity mixture of gas, ash, and liquid fragments
Bomb Fragments of lava that are ejected while molten or partially molten
Lahar A mudflow consisting of water and volcanic ash
Aa flow Hard pointy rough lava
Viscosity A resistance of fluid to flow. ^ flow= v Viscosity. V flow= ^ viscosity
Volatiles Gaseous components of magma dissolved in the melt. Volatiles will readily vaporize at surface pressures.
Continental volcanic arc Mountains formed in part by igneous activity associated with the subduction of oceanic lithosphere beneath a continent. Ex. Andes and cascades
Introplate volcanism Igneous activity that occurs within a tectonic plate away from plate boundaries.
Volcanic island arcs A chain of volcanic islands generally located a few hundred kilometers from a trench where there is active subduction of once oceanic plate beneath another.
Pacific ring of fire Composite cones circling the Pacific Ocean
Created by: sprestidge34
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