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Bates Microbio-18y

Microbiology Exam 5 Definations

TermDefinition
Anaphylaxis A hypersensitivity reaction involoving IgE antibodies, mast cells, and basohils
Mast Cells Contains histamine and other substace that stimulate vasodilation
Basophils Granulocyte cleukocytes that readily takes up basic dye and is not phagocytic; has receptors for IgE FC regions
Degranulation The release of content of secretory granules from mast cells or basophils during anaphylaxis
Histamine Substance released by tissue cells that causes vasoldilation, capillary permeabilty and smooth muscle contration
Desensitization Prevention of allergic inflammatory response
Systemic anaphylaxis Hyper sensitivity reaction causing vasodilation and resulting in shock; also called anaphylactic shock
Localized anaphylaxis Immedicate hypersensitivity reaction that is restricted to a limited area of skin or mucous membrane
HLA (Human Leukocyte antigen) MHC genes in humans.
Privileged site Area of the body or a tissue that does not elicit an immue reponse
Stem cells Undifferentiated cell that giives to a varitey of specialized cells
Auto graft A tissue graft from one's self
Iso graft Tissue from a gentically identical source. ie. from an identical twin
Allograft Tissue graft that is not from a genetically identical donor. ie. not from self or an identical twin
Immune surveillance body immune response to cancer
Spectrum of activity Different types of microorganisms affected by an antimicrobial drug; wide range is referred to as a broad spectrum
Broad-spectrum antibotic Effective against a wide range of both gram + and gram- bacteria
Superinfection Growth of pathogen that has developed resistance to an antimicrobial drug being used; the growth of an opportunistic pahthogen
synergism Principle whereby the effectiveness of two drugs used simultaneoulysis greater than that of either drug used alone
Antagonism Two drugs are less effective than either one alone, competion among microbes
Extremophile Microogrgranism that lives in enviormental extermes of temp., acitdity, alkalinity, salinity, or pressure.
Symbiosis Living together of two different organisms or populations
Bioremediation Use of microbes to remove an enviormental pollutant
Coliforms Aerobic or facultatively anerobic; gram - , forming wiht acid an dgas formation within 48 hours 38* C
Xenotransplant Nonhuman tissue
Bacteriostactic Prevents microbes from growing
Created by: arichardson_14
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