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CTC Musculoskeletal
CTC Musculoskeletal Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abduction | moving the joint away from the body |
| adduction | moving toward the body |
| amputation | surgically removed |
| arthritis | inflammation of the joints |
| atrophy | muscle become weak due to lack of use |
| avulsion fracture | when a bone fragment is pulled off the bone |
| bursae | small sacs of synovial fluid located around joints to help reduce friction |
| bursitis | bursae are inflammed and painful |
| cardiac muscle | form the walls of the heart |
| cartilage | flexible type of connective tissue |
| cervical traction | neck brace is used for traction |
| closed (simple) fracture | skin is unbroken |
| comminuted fracture | when bone shatters and splinters into more than 3 fragments |
| compartment syndrome | serious, painful condition usually seen after a traumatic injury |
| complete fracture | break through the entire bone |
| compound (open) fracture | when skin over the fracture is broken |
| compression fracture | in vertebrae of spine, bone collapses inward |
| CPM continuous passive motion | machine that moves affected joint through range of motion exercises |
| countertraction | weight used to balance traction |
| DJD degenerative joint disease | see OJD osteoarthritic disease |
| depressed fracture | in skull & face, bone is depressed & drives fragments inward |
| dorsiflexion | toes flexed towards the knee |
| ecchymosis | bruising |
| eversion | away from the body |
| exacerbation | when conditions worsen |
| extension | straightening out (like a leg) |
| fibromyalgia | common chronic pain syndrome ususally in women |
| flexion | bending (like an elbow) |
| fusion | surgery to permanently fix vertebrae together |
| gout | uric acid forms crystals in joints causing pain |
| greenstick fracture | one side of bone is broken, the other is bent |
| impacted fracture | when fragment from 1 bone is wedged into another bone |
| incomplete fracture | break doesn't go all way through the bone |
| insertion | end attachment of muscles |
| invertion | towards the body |
| involuntary muscle | muscles in the walls of organs, not controlled by our brain |
| laminectomy | surgery to remove the protruding portion of a herniated disc |
| ligament | strong bands of fibrous tissue that hold bones together and support joints |
| nucleoplasty | minimally invasive surgery using tiny wand to remove tissue in disc |
| oblique fracture | break is at an angle across the bone |
| open reduction/internal fixation | most common surgery for a fractured hip, inserting a pin to hold bones together |
| OJD osteoarthritic joint disease | affects cartilage covering ends of bones that form a joint |
| osteoporosis | bones become porous and spongy resulting in fractures |
| pathologic fracture | breakage of diseased bone, osteoporosis, cancer, tumor |
| pelvic belt traction | belt around pt's hips is attached to weights |
| plantar flexion | point the toes toward the foot of the bed |
| pronation | palm down |
| radial deviation | wrists are turned toward the thumb side |
| ROM range of motion exercises | exercise designed to move each joint through its full range |
| remission | times when disease stabilizes |
| RA rheumatoid arthritis | severe disabling form of arthritis |
| rotation | circular motion of a joint |
| spica cast | body cast |
| spiral fracture | breakage twists around the bone |
| stimulus | message from the brain |
| supination | palm up |
| tendon | strong bands that connect muscles to the bone |
| THA total hip arthroplasty | hip joint removed and replaced with a prosthesis |
| transverse fracture | breaks completely across the bone |
| trapeze | tiangular shaped handle over the bed to help the pt move in bed |
| ulnar deviation | wrists are turned toard the pinky side |
| vascular | contain many blood vessels |
| vertebrae | 31 bones in the spinal column |
| visceral muscle | muscles in the walls of organs, not controlled by our brain |
| voluntary muscle | skeletal muscles controlled by our brain |
| abduction pillow | used between the legs to keep them apart |
| phantom pain | pain or tingling in place of removed limb |
| sutures | areas where cranial bones have joined together |
| fontanels | soft spots on the skull |
| foramina | tiny holes in bones for nerves & blood to go through |
| sutures | areas where cranial bones have joined together |
| fontanels | soft spots on the skull |
| foramina | tiny holes in bones for nerves & blood to go through |
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