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Earth's Changes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sediment | material such as rocks and sand deposited by water, wind, or glaciers |
| Sedimentary rock | formed when existing rock is weathered, eroded, and deposited in layers on land or underwater. |
| Weathering | the process of breaking rock into soil, sand, and other tiny pieces |
| Erosion | the process of moving sediment from one place to another |
| Deposition | the dropping, or depositing, of sediment in a new location |
| Mass Movement | the downhill movement of rock and soil because of gravity |
| Physical Weathering | weathering that occurs as a direct result of wind, water, and ice on landforms |
| Chemical Weathering | weathering that occurs as a result of chemical agents such as acid rain, or oxidation of metals |
| Glacier | a slow-moving sheet of ice that carves out a U-shaped valley and deposits rocks and soil after melting |
| Sand Dunes | ridges, or hills of sand, produced by windblown sand. |
| Canyon | a deep valley with steep sides carved out by a river |
| Delta | a fan-shaped feature produced by sediment deposited at the mouth of a river |
| Fossils | the remains or traces of past life found in sedimentary rock |
| Fossil Mold | a mark or cavity made in a sedimentary surface by a shell or other body |
| Fossil Cast | a type of fossil that forms when sediments fill in the cavity left by a decomposed organism |
| Fossil Fuel | a fuel that formed from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animals, such as coal, natural gas, and oil |
| Petrified Fossil | formed when the hard parts of an organism were replaced by minerals; the fossil looks like a bone or tree trunk, but it is made of rock |