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Science 6
Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is water made up of | atoms |
| atoms | basic building block of matter that make up everyday objects |
| atom+atom= | molecule |
| how to atoms form molecules | they attach or bond together |
| what is chemical formula for water | H2O |
| what charge does hydrogen have | positive |
| what charge does oxygen have | negative |
| why is water a polar substance | it has positive and negative charged atoms |
| 3 properties of water | surface tension, capillary action, universal solvent |
| surface tension | tightness across the the surface of water caused by molecules pulling on each other |
| what shape are the water molecules forced to make | a domed shape |
| cohesion | water molecules stick together like magnet opposites attract |
| capillary action | combined force of attraction among water molecules and the molecules of surrounding material |
| what does capillary action allow water to do | move through material with pores or narrow space |
| adhesion | water molecules stick to other substances |
| universal solvent | water because it is a substance that dissolves many other substances |
| why is water known as the universal solvent | because it dissolves many other substances |
| a polar substance like water can dissolve | other polar substances like sugar and food coloring |
| why can't water dissolve oil or wax | because they are non-polar substances |
| solvent | a substance that dissolves other substances |
| solute | the substance that gets dissolved |
| solution | a mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another |
| what is the quote | you put the solvent in the solute of the solution |
| how many hydrogen molecules in water | 2 |
| how many oxygen molecules in water | 1 |
| why are water molecules cohesive | because the positive hydrogen atoms attract the negative oxygen atoms |
| what is it called when water molecules stick to other substances | adhesion |
| what causes surface tension in water | the molecules pulling on each other |
| what substance can break surface tension in water | soap |
| examples of capillary action | celery absorbing food coloring, paper towel absorbing water |
| two substances that do not dissolve in water | oil and wax |
| ice tea dissolved completely in water | universal solvent |
| bug walks on water without sinking | surface tension/cohesion |
| tried to mix oil with water but didn't mix | universal solvent |
| rain ran down window and cam together to make larger drops | cohesion |
| paper towel soaked up spill | capillary action/adhesion |
| blue die went up petal on flower | capillary action/adhesion |
| water sticks to side of cylinder to form meniscus | adhesion |
| water moves from roots of plants to leaves of plants | capillary action |
| oil does not dissolve in water | water is polar and oil in non-polar |
| what are the 5 phase changes of matter | freezing, melting, evaporation, condensation, sublimation |
| freezing | matter starts as a liquid, atoms move slower and matter changes to solid |
| melting | matter starts as a solid, atoms move faster and matter changes to liquid |
| evaporation | matter starts as a liquid, atoms move faster and matter changes to gas |
| condensation | matter starts as gas, atoms move slower and matter changes to liquid |
| sublimation | matter starts as a solid, atoms move faster and matter changes to gas |
| an example of sublimation | dry ice carbon dioxide |
| energy freezing | liquid to solid, released/lost |
| energy melting | solid to liquid, absorbed/gained |
| energy evaporation | liquid to gas,absorbed/gained |
| energy condensation | gas to liquid released/lost |
| energy sublimation | solid to gas, absorbed/gained |
| gas to liquid to solid | energy removed |
| solid to liquid to gas | energy added |
| example of evaporation | cup of water in the summer, ocean water - water cycle, tea kettle, pool water gets lower |
| examples of condensation | water inside the pot lid when boiling, steam in shower hit cold mirror and loses heat, cloud in atmosphere |
| why did the liquid on the white board evaporate | warm air hits the cold board and the water absorbs energy turning it into a gas, evaporation occurs |
| why did your hand feel cool when a drop of alcohol was placed on it | liquid alcohol touches your warm hand and absorbs energy from it, the liquid turns into a gas |
| why did water collect on the outside of the glass of ice water | warm air hits the cold glass, and it loses energy, turning it into a liquid as condensation occurs, air has water in it. |
| explain why on a hot day your body is cool when you get out of pool | water sticking to your body absorbs heat energy from your body and evaporate, you lose heat and will feel cold |
| on a hot day why is the outside of the glass wet | condensation is occuring, the cold glass hits the hot air that contains water vapor, it release the heat energy and forms a liquid on the glass |
| how is an insect walking on the water | the surface tension caused my cohesion of water molecules so the light bug cannot break the surface tension and will float on water |
| why do paper towels absorb water | capillary action is when the water molecules adhesion to the paper molecules and a combined force of action occurs |
| WHAT IS THE ONLY SUBSTANCE ON EARTH THAT COMMONLY EXISTS IN ALL OF ITS DIFFERENT STATES | WATER |
| solid | molecules packed tightly, vibrate slowly, definite shape, has volume |
| liquid | molecules flow freely over and around each other, definite volume, no definite shape |
| gas | atoms in an excited state, move and vibrate rapidly, no definite shape, no definite volume |
| five states of matter | solid, liquid, gas, plasma, bose-einstein condensates |
| plasma | super excited hot atoms |
| bose-einstein condesnates | super cold atoms, clumping |
| each state is known as a | phase |
| a phase describes | a definite state of matter |
| how can things change from one phase to another | by physical means |
| what energy cause physical change | temperature and pressure |
Created by:
IM5
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