Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Green Generation 4
Marine Ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Marine ecology | The branch of ecology dealing with the interdependence of all organisms living in the ocean, in shallow coastal waters, and on the seashore |
| Abiotic Factors in the ocean | Water, salinity, light, pressure, temperature, dissolved gases, pH, tides, currents, waves, stratum, nutrient supply, exposure to air |
| Precipitation | water from the clouds fall to earth rain, snow, hail or sleet |
| Surface Runoff | water on the surface of the land that flows downhill into bodies of water such as streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes |
| Infiltration | rain water soaks into the ground through soil and rock layers under the soil with some remaining underground as groundwater |
| Evaporation | liquid water changes to a gaseous state as water vapor |
| Transpiration | water that has been absorbed by plants will evaporate through the leaves as water vapor |
| Condensation | water vapor is changed into a liquid. Water vapors join dust particles to form clouds |
| Osmoregulation | the ability of organisms to control the concentration of salts or water in their internal fluids |
| Coriolis Effect | anything that moves over the surface tends to turn a little rather than moving in a straight line and it deflects large-scale motions like winds and currents to the right in Northern Hemisphere and to the left in Southern Hemisphere |
| Pelagic zone | includes the neritic zone and the oceanic zone |
| neritic zone | the productive coastal waters |
| oceanic zone- | deep waters of the open ocean- |
| benthic zone | extends from the seashore to the deepest parts of the sea |
| substratum | The material that makes up the bottom of the benthic zone |
| benthos | the organisms living the substratum--bottom dwellers |
| Epipelagic (top) | euphotic (good-light = enough for photosynthesis) |
| Mesopelagic (middle) | disphotic (low-light= too weak for photosynthesis ) |
| Bathypelagic (deep) | aphotic (without-light) |
| Nekton | Active swimmers capable of counteracting currents eg. Fish, Squids, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals |
| Epiflora or epifauna | live on the sea bottom |
| infauna | live in the sea bottom |
| Saprophytes | decompose detritus completing the food chain |
| detritus | dead and partially decayed plant and animal tissue and organic wastes from the food chain |
| Numbers pyramid | compares the number of individuals in each trophic level |
| Biomass pyramid | compares the total dry weight of the organisms in each trophic level |
| Energy pyramid | compares the total amount of energy available in each trophic level. This energy is usually measured in kilocalories. |
| Scavengers | feed on dead plants and animals that they have NOT killed |
| point source pollution | pollution from a clearly identifiable location |
| nonpoint source pollution | pollution that comes from many different places |
| organic pollution | decomposition of living organisms and their bi-products |
| inorganic pollution | dissolved and suspended solids as silt, salts, and minerals |
| toxic pollution | heavy medals and other chemical compounds that are lethal to organisms |
| thermal pollution | waste heat from industrial and power generation processes |
| Bycatch | marine wildlife unintentionally caught as sea turtles, porpoises, albatross, crabs, starfish & fish |
| Threats to Marine Water Quality and Marine Environments | Oil spills, Marine dumping of wastes, Overfishing and Exploitation, Climate Change, Sea Temperature Rise Invasive Species Ocean Dead Zones Overfishing, Ocean acidification, Population, displacement, Mangrove Destruction, Bycatch, Dredging Wastes, |
Created by:
bemcbee
Popular Science sets