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ES-Unit 2
Unit 2b - Earth Science Meteorology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What gas made the largest percentage of the atmosphere when the earth was first formed? | Carbon dioxide |
| What gas makes up the largest percentage of today's atmosphere? | Nitrogen |
| What gas is produced by cyanobacteria and stromatolites? | Oxygen |
| What layer of the atmosphere contains large quantities of Ozone gas? | The Stratosphere |
| What greenhouse gas depletes the ozone layer? | Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
| How old is the Earth? | 4.5 billion years |
| What are the names of the layers of the atmosphere, in order from the Earth up? | Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere |
| What layer of the atmosphere is the warmest and thickest? | thermosphere |
| In what season is Earth tilted with the northern hemisphere closest to the sun? | Summer |
| In what season is the Earth tilted with the northern hemisphere farthest from the sun? | Winter |
| Where does evaporation come from? | sublimation, transpiration, human industries, evaporation from waters |
| At what latitudes are polar climates? | 60 - 90 degrees |
| At what latitudes are temperate climates? | 30 - 60 degrees |
| At what latitudes are tropical climates? | 0 - 30 degrees |
| What current flows eastward across the Atlantic Ocean? | the Gulf Stream |
| What air current is high in the atmosphere and moves weather eastward across North America? | The Jet Stream |
| What winds flow from the east between 0-30 degrees latitude. | Trade Winds |
| What winds flow from the west between 30-60 degrees latitude. | Westerlies |
| What weather occurs in the low pressure system of the doldrums, causing rainforests to flourish? | Cloudy skies & rain |
| What weather occurs in the high pressure region of the Horse latitudes and causes deserts? | Clear skies, little precipitation |
| What clouds occur at a cold front? | cumulonimbous |
| What clouds occur at a warm front? | Nimbostratus |
| Does water or land cool/warm quickly? | land |
| Does water or land cool/warm slowly? | water |
| What are four geographic features affect regional climates? | Proximity to water, proximity to mountains, elevation, and latitude |
| How do winds move between high and low pressure systems? | High to Low |
| Lines connecting regions of equal temperature on a map? | isotherms |
| Lines connecting regions of equal pressure on a map? | Isobars |
| The amount of moisture in the air? | percent humidity |
| When evaporation and condensation in air are equal? 100% humidity? | dew point |
| Types of climate near doldrums? | rainforests, tropical climate |
| Types of regional climate at horse latitudes? 30 degrees north & south latitude | desert |
| General types of climate between 30 - 60 degrees latitude | Temperate |
| The region on the lee side of a mountain which receives little rain. | Rain shadow |
| What factors are essential to the formation of clouds? | moisture in the atmosphere, humidity at dew point, condensation nuclei |
| Where is the largest hole in the ozone layer? | Antarctica |
| The four types of air masses are maritime polar, maritime tropical, continental polar, and continental tropical. What do each of these terms mean? | Maritime = over water, Tropical = warm, Continental = over land, Polar = cold |
| Increases in solar energy increase what? | evaporation, winds |
| The source of all weather is due to what? | Solar radiation, the sun |
| The ocean currents are created by what? | Winds |
| Ocean currents are deflected by what objects and in what direction? | Continents/land, in the direction of Coriolis effect for the hemisphere it is in. |
| What direction is Coriolis deflection in the northern hemisphere? | Right, Clockwise |
| What direction is Coriolis deflection in the Southern hemisphere? | Left, Counter-clockwise |
| What direction do hurricanes spin in the northern hemisphere? | To the left, opposite of Coriolis deflection |
| What kind of front is created by a warm air mass moving into a cold air mass? | warm front |
| What kind of front is created by a cold air mass moving into a warm air mass? | Cold Front |
| Clouds at a warm front? | Nimbostratus |
| Clouds at a cold front? | Cumulonimbus |
| A "closed" front where a cold front overtakes a warm front and lifts the warm air mass between two cold air masses? | Occluded front |
| A front that does not move. | Stationary front |
| Where is the source of El Nino effect? | Waters at the equator in the Pacific Ocean |
| What are the three feedback mechanisms we reviewed? | Ice, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor (clouds) |
| A type of severe weather caused by a warm, humid, unstable environment. | Thunderstorms |
| A type of severe weather involving a vortex column. | Tornado |
| A type of severe weather caused by a polar air mass creating an Occluded front. | Blizzard |
| A type of severe weather that develops over water at a low pressure region, causing an occluded front. | Hurricane |
| A hurricane begins with what? | Tropical Disturbance |
| What tool is used to measure humidity? | psychrometer |
Created by:
tejneckyc
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