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Soil Conservation
Soil Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Potable | drinkable, that is, free of harmful chemicals and organisms |
| Fresh Water | water that flows from the land to oceans and contains little or no salt |
| Domestic | of or pertaining to the household |
| Tide Water | water that flows up the mouth of a river as the ocean tide rises and comes in |
| Food Chain | interdependence of plants or animals on each other for food |
| Universal Solvent | material that dissolves or otherwise changes most other materials |
| Deserts | large areas of the world having an adequate balance of soil particles and minerals for plant growth, but having continuous, severe water shortages |
| Irrigation | addition of water to plants to supplement that provided by rain or snow |
| Precipitation | formation of rain and snow |
| evaportation | changing from a liquid to a vapor or gas |
| Watershed | a large land area from which water flows or from which it is absorbed from rain or melting snow, and from which water drains as it emerges to the surface through springs. |
| Water Table | level below which soil is saturated or filled with water |
| Fertility | amount and type of nutrients in the soil |
| Saturated | water added until all the spores or pores are filled |
| Free/Gravitational Water | water that drains out of soil after it has been wetted |
| Capillary Water | water held by soil particles and available for plant use |
| Hygroscopic Water | water that is held too tightly by soil particles for plant roots to absorb |
| Purify | removal of all foreign material |
| No-Till | seed is planted directly into the residue of the previous crop, without exposing the soil surface |
| Contour | level line around a hill in which all points along the line are at the same elevation |
| Cover Crop | close-growing crop planted to protect the soil and prevent erosion |
| Erosion | wearing away |
| Aquifer | water-bearing rock formation |
| Sheet Erosion | removal of soil from broad areas of land |
| Gully Erosion | removal of soil to form relatively narrow and deep trenches known as gullies |
| Mulch | material placed on soil to break the fall of raindrops (preventing erosion), prevent weeds from growing, or improve the appearance of the area |
| Conservation Tillage | techniques of soil preparation, planting, and cultivation that disturb the soil the least and leave the maximum amount of plant residue |
| Plant Residue | plant material that remains when a plant dies or is harvested |
| Contour Practice | operations such as plowing, discing, planting, cultivating, and harvesting across the slope and on the level |
| Strip Cropping | alternating of row crops with strips of close-growing crops |
| Crop Rotation | planting of different crops in a given field every year or several years |
| Organic Matter | dead plants and animal tissue that originates from living sources |
| Aggregates | a material such as sand, gravel, or marbles that supports the plant roots |
| Lime | material that reduces the acid content of soil and helps to improve plant growth |
| Fertilizer | material that supplies nutrients for plants |
| Grass Waterway | strip of grass growing in the low area of a field where water can gather and cause erosion |
| Terrace | soil or wall structure built across the slope |
| Overgrazing | damage to plants or soil due to animals eating too many of the plants |
| Conservation Plan | plan developed to use land for its maximum production and water conservation without unacceptable damage to the land |
Created by:
mollymajors
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