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ch.10 study guide
study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| . What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering? | mechanical is physically breaking something. chemical is when an acid is breaking it down. |
| Describe the weathering processes of each chemical weathering agent. | acid precipitation- rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids. acids in groundwater- certain places contain groundwater with weak acids in it, this reacts with the rock, mostly limestone. acids in living things- lichens, which c |
| . Describe the weathering processes of each mechanical weathering agent. | ice- freezing and thawing over and over again abrasion- grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through mechanical processes wind- blows sand against silt water- pebbles roll down a stream gravity- rocks fall on top of each other plants- roots mak |
| . What is the most important and most common agent of chemical weathering? Why do you think? | water, because everything that causes chemical weathering has h20 in it. |
| What is the difference between weathering, abrasion, erosion, and deposition? | weathering- moving erosion- wind,water,air,gravity transports to a different place deposition- picking up and moving then setting back down of sediment abrasion- grinding and wearing away |
| What are the two most important factors in determining the rate of weathering? | water and acid |
| . How do hotter temperatures and wet climates affect the rate of weathering? | differential weathering |
| What are the horizons of a soil profile? What letter represents each horizon? What is found in each horizon? | soil horizons- a,b,c,e,r soil is found in each horizon topsoil then sediment and bedrock on the bottom |
| . What layer of soil would you find the most humus? | topsoil |
| Which horizon does soil formation begin? | bedrock |
| List some examples of decomposers and explain why they are important for soil? | fungi and worms, worms burrow through the soil to expose a new layer of soil.Fungi helps the plants to decompose after they die. |
| Which soil horizon layer forms last? | top layer |
| . What is humus? | dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals |
| . What is soil? | a loose mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegatation |
| Which horizon is called the parent material? | R horizon |
| What does it mean if soil is fertile? | it is rich in nutrients |
| Compare the particle sizes of sand, clay, and silt. | sand is little tiny particles. clay is bigger particles mixed together. silt is the build up of rocks going down a stream. |
| Why is it good to have permeable soil or rocks? | it allows for leaching |
| . Define soil conservation. | a method to maintain the fertility of the soil by protecting the soil from erosion and nutrient loss |
| What are the 5 soil conservation techniques? Describe how each is used to conserve soil. Basic info. | contour plowing-prevent erosion from heavy rains terracing-prevent erosion from heavy rains on steep hills no-tillfarming-prevents erosion by providing cover that reduces water runoff cover crop and crop rotation-restores nutrients to the soil |
Created by:
sophie4995
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