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Science Ch. 19

QuestionAnswer
The color of a start depends on its temperature
What color are the hottest stars? blue
The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star's surface temperature absolute magnitude
What objects are formed from the materials in the core of a supernova? black holes and neutron stars
What is the term for the actual brightness of a star? absolute magnitude
What is the term for the brightness of a star as it appears to an observer on Earth? apparent magnitude
What is the term for a gigantic explosion that causes the death of a large star supernova
What is a the term fora massive and dense object from which even light cannot escape its gravity? black hole
What type of star is bright and hot? blue star
What type of star is bright and cool? red giant
What type of star is dim and hot? white dwarf
What type of star is dim and cool? red dwarf
Name the three major types of galaxies? Spiral galaxy, irregular galaxy, and elliptical galaxy
Why do scientists study distant galaxies? To learn what early galaxies looked like
Is the universe expanding outward or inward? Outward
What is the term for radiation left over from the big bang that fills all of space? cosmic background radiation
What is the term for the type of galaxy that has a center bulge and outer "arms"? spiral galaxy
What is the term for the type of galaxy with a bright center and little to no dust and gas? elliptical galaxy
What is the term for the theory that states the universe began with a huge explosion? Big Bang Theory
What is the term for a large cloud of dust and gas where new stars are formed or stars explode? nebula
What is the term for the study of the origin, structure, and future of the universe? cosmology
Scientists think that the universe will do what? Expand forever
What does a star's color indicate? It's temperature
The H-R diagram shes the relationship between a star's surface temperature and what? It's absolute magnitude
What star is the hottest? Main-sequence blue star
According to the big bang theory, how old is the universe? 13.7 billion years old
What type of galaxy do the scientists think the milky way is? spiral galaxy
Which is a bigger: a nebula or a galaxy? Galaxy
What part of the modern H-R diagram do cool, bright red stars appear? bottom right
What is one way scientists use to calculate the age of the universe? They measure the distance from Earth to various galaxies
Why do black lines appear on an absorption spectrum? Black lines appear where colors of light are absorbed by a star's atmosphere
What do the pattern of lines in a star's absorption spectrum represent? Some of the elements in the star's atmosphere
Elliptical galaxies and the halos of spiral galaxies contain groups of stars called what? globular clusters
According to the big bang theory, what filled the universe after the original explosion? cosmic background radiation
The universe is organized according to what? a loosely arranged structure
What are the three major types of galaxies identified by Edwin Hubble? spiral, elliptical, and irregular
Why do scientists study distant galaxies to learn about early galaxies? Because it takes a long time for light to travel through space, looking at distant galaxies shows what early galaxies looked like
What type of star has used up all of its hydrogen and is the leftover center of an old star? white dwarf
Which is larger: a galaxy or a globular cluster galaxy
What do the patter of lines in a star's absorption spectrum represent? Some of the elements in the star's atmosphere
Elliptical galaxies and the halos of spiral galaxies contain groups of stars called Globular clusters
Created by: Kedman
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