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chapter 6

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Sediment Small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity.
Lithification The physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks.
Cementation Process of sedimentary rock formation that occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater and either a new mineral grows between the sediment grains or the same mineral grows between and over the grains.
Bedding Horizontal layering in sedimentary rock that can range from a few millimeters to several meters thick.
Graded Bedding Type of bedding in which particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers.
Cross-bedding Depositional feature of sedimentary rock that forms as inclined layers of sediment are carried forward across a horizontal surface.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Most common type of sedimentary rock, formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments that accumulate on Earth's surface, classified according to the size of their particles.
Clastic Rock and mineral fragments produced by weathering and erosion and classified according to particle size and shape.
Porosity A measure of how much of a rock is open space.
Evaporite A natural salt or mineral deposit left after the evaporation of a body of water.
Foliated Consisting of thin sheets or laminae.
Nonfoliated
Regional Metamorphism Metamorphism affecting rocks over an extensive area as a result of the large-scale action of heat and pressure.
Contact Metamorphism metamorphism due to contact with or proximity to an igneous intrusion.
Hydrothermal Metamorphism
Rock Cycle
Sediment Small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity.
Lithification The physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks.
Cementation Process of sedimentary rock formation that occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate out of groundwater and either a new mineral grows between the sediment grains or the same mineral grows between and over the grains.
Bedding Horizontal layering in sedimentary rock that can range from a few millimeters to several meters thick.
Graded Bedding Type of bedding in which particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers.
Cross-bedding Depositional feature of sedimentary rock that forms as inclined layers of sediment are carried forward across a horizontal surface.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Most common type of sedimentary rock, formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments that accumulate on Earth's surface, classified according to the size of their particles.
Clastic Rock and mineral fragments produced by weathering and erosion and classified according to particle size and shape.
Porosity A measure of how much of a rock is open space.
Evaporite A natural salt or mineral deposit left after the evaporation of a body of water.
Foliated Consisting of thin sheets or laminae.
Nonfoliated
Regional Metamorphism Metamorphism affecting rocks over an extensive area as a result of the large-scale action of heat and pressure.
Contact Metamorphism metamorphism due to contact with or proximity to an igneous intrusion.
Hydrothermal Metamorphism
Rock Cycle
Created by: moreno35
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