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CE.10-16 Earthquakes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquakes | a series of vibrations induced in the earth's crust by the abrupt rupture and rebound of rocks in which elastic strain has been slowly accumulating. |
| crust | the outer layer of the earth, deep under the continents |
| fault | Mining a break in the continuity of a body of rock or of a vein, |
| mantle | a construction framing the opening of a fireplace |
| lithosphere | the solid portion of the earth (distinguished from atmosphere, hydrosphere ).The crust and upper mantle of the earth. |
| seismologist | the science or study of earthquakes |
| S-wave | a transverse earthquake wave that travels through the interior of the earth and is usually the second conspicuous wave to reach a seismograph. |
| P-wave | a longitudinal earthquake wave that travels through the interior of the earth and is usually the first conspicuous wave to be recorded by a seismograph. |
| Surface wave | a seismic wave that travels along or parallel to the earth's surface (distinguished from body wave ). |
| focus | the point of origin of an earthquake. |
| epicenter | the point on the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake or underground nuclear explosion Compare focus |
| seismic waves | a wave of energy that is generated by an earthquake or other earth vibration and that travels within the earth or along its surface. |
| magnitude | a measure of the size of an earthquake based on the quantity of energy released: specified on the Richter scale |
| tsunami | an unusually large sea wave produced by a sea quake or undersea volcanic eruption. |
| after shock | a small earthquake or tremor that follows a major earthquake. |
| base isolators | shock absorbing pads.that seperate the building from collecting energy from the earthquake. |
| shear core walls | transfers the energy from the building to the foundation |
| cross bracing | stiffing the frame of the building and absorbs energy |
| mass damper/damper | shock absorbers,absorb energy from the seismic waves |
| flexible pipe | bends as the energy passes through |
| tension ties | the tie,ties the floors and ceiling of the building |
| Richter scale | a scale, ranging from 1 to 10, for indicating the intensity of an earthquake. |
| inner core | in geology, the innermost part of a core, specif. a solid sphere in the middle of the fluid core such as the iron-nickel core of the Earth. |
| outer core | a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of the earth |
| basolt | the dark, dense igneous rock of a lava flow or minor intrusion, composed essentially of labradorite and pyroxene and often displaying a columnar structure. |
| granite | anything compared to this rock in great hardness, firmness, or durability. |
| asthenosphere | the region below the lithosphere, variously estimated as being from fifty to several hundred miles (eighty-five to several hundred kilometers) thick. |
| continental crust | |
| oceanic crust | |
| magnitude | the measurement of an earthquakes strength based on a seismic waves and movement along faults. |
| stress | a force that acts on rock to change its or volume |
| tension | |
| compression | |
| strike slip fault | |
| normal fault | |
| reverse fault | |
| anticline | |
| syncline | |
| pateau | |
| hanging wall | |
| footwall | |
| shearing | stress that pushes masses of rocks in opposite directions,in a sideway movement |
| merricalli scale | a seismic scale that measure the intensity of an earthquakes |
Created by:
1970761837
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