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Biology Chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is thermodynamics and redox? | The key to understanding cell energy |
| What is energy? | The ability to do work |
| What is the first law of thermodynamic? | Energy can be converted from one to another but it can't destroyed nor created. |
| What is the second law of thermodynamics? | Any energy conversion with result in a loss of energy to the system, usually in heat. This is called entropy. |
| Where does all life come from? | Almost all life comes from the sun as packets of light called photons. This energy gets transferred to a series of chemical reactions in the membranes of the chloroplast and miticondria to form sugars and ATP. Most of this energy is carried by electrons.. |
| Where does all life come from part two | and protons as a series of redox reactions. |
| What are these reactions apart of? | All these reactions are apart of what is called a cell's metabolism. |
| What is photosynthesis? | The metabolic pathway where an autotroph turns the sun's energy into chemical energy. |
| Where does photosynthesis occur? | This takes place in a plant's chloroplast |
| What is the basic reaction? | energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6Co2 |
| What are the 2 main parts of photosynthesis? | Light reactions where light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and starts an electron transport chain, some ATP is made; Calvin Cycle where the carbon hydrate chain is built and oxygen is released. |
| What is respiration? | Where the chemical energy from photosynthesis(glucose units different forms) is used to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
| What is ATP used for? | ATP is the standered energy provider for most chemical reactions |
| How do you get ATP from ADP? | ADP + P + energy ---> ATP |
| What is the reaction for respiration? | C6H12O6 ---> energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O |
| What happens to the electrons for ATP formations? | Electrons are moved along different proteins, enzymes, and cofactors to provide energy for ATP formations. |
| What happens to the protons for the ATP formations? | Protons are also pumped across the membrane forming an electric voltage potential. They pump back into through the ATP synthase channel In the membrane. This spins the channel like a motor, whipping ADP and P together making ATP. Not understood yet. |
| Redox in photosynthesis and respiration | both processes occur along the surface of membranes in the chloroplast and mitochondria. Electrons bounce along the series of enzymes and cofactors, releasing energy at key points to bind ADP to P making ATP. |
| When can anaerobic be used? | When there is no oxygen present. |
| How many parts can aerobic be broken down to? | Aerobic can be broken down into three part: glycolysis Krebs/ citric acid cycle, electron transport chain |
| How many parts can anaerobic be broken down to? | Anaerobic only has glycolysis. Also called fermentation |
| What does production of fermentation do? | By product of fermentation in humans is lactase acid in yeast it's ethanol. |
Created by:
npu.arichardson1234
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