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Biology Unit 03 Test
Unit 03 Cells test for Batterbee's Pre-AP class @ DHS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest unit of life in all living things? | the cell |
| What is the difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells? | Eukaryotes contain a nuclei, prokaryotes do not |
| Give an example of a prokaryote | bacteria |
| Give an example of a eukaryote | plants, animals and fungi |
| What does the cell membrane look like? | a lipid bilayer with proteins scattered throughout |
| What is the purpose of the cell membrane? | to keep unwanted things out of the cell and separate the cell from the environment allowing homeostasis |
| What is an organelle? | a specialized structure that performs important cellular functions |
| A very active cell, like a muscle cell would need a lot of which type of organelle? | mitochondria(s) |
| Which organelle produces ATP, the energy of the cell? | Mitochondria |
| What does a mitochondria look like? | two membranes, a smooth outer and a folded inner |
| Which organelle makes the proteins? | Ribosomes create the polypeptides needed for proteins |
| What do ribosomes look like? | particles of RNA bound to proteins |
| What does the rough ER look like? | layers of membranes with ribosomes on its surface |
| What does the smooth ER look like? | layers of membranes but with no ribosomes |
| Which organelle packages and ships proteins from the cell? | the Golgi Apparatus |
| What does the Golgi Apparatus look like? | a single membrane-bound structure |
| Which organelle is found connected to the nucleus and can be smooth or rough? | the Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| What does the rough ER do? | modifies proteins |
| What does the smooth ER do? | produces hormones |
| What structure are the chromosomes found within? | nucleus |
| Name three organelles that are found only in plant cells | cell wall chloroplast vacuole |
| What is the structure and function of the cell wall? | a rigid protective barrier of polysaccharides that maintains the cells shape |
| What is the structure an function of chloroplasts? | contain chlorophyll and has a double outer membrane, they are responsible for photosynthesis |
| What is the structure an function of vacuoles? | a membrane-bound sac that makes plants rigid and stores waste products |
| Which organelle is responsible for the green pigment associated with photosynthesis? | chloroplasts |
| Which organelle moves things around in the cell and is the 'soup' inside the cell? | cytoplasm |
| Which scientist was the first to discover cells and what was he looking at? | Robert Hooke, a cork |
| What did Anton Van Leewenhoek discover? | tiny organisms living in water |
| What are the three parts of the cell theory? | 1. all living things are composed of one or more cells 2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function 3. all cells come from preexisting cells |
| What are two ways that things can get in and out of the cell? And which moves particles? | Osmosis and Active Transport. Active transport moves particles |
| What happened to the Elodea leaf and why did it happen? | Osmosis (water diffusion) and the water left the cells to try and diffuse the hypertonic salt water. |
| Why was the water able to move into the Elodea leaf? What organelle allowed it to happen? | The plasma membrane the hypertonic innards of the cell had the water enter to try and diffuse it |
| How to particles move during passive transport? Does this require energy? | No energy required, they moved to a lower concentration trying to reach equilibrium |
| How is Active Transport different from Passive Transport? | Active Transport requires energy, passive does not. |
| Which way do the particles move in Active transport? | in active transport particles go against the normal, towards a higher concentration |
| What is the main organelle lacking in prokaryotes, but present in eukaryotes? | the nucleus |
| Define the term unicellular | a single celled organism EX: bacteria |
| Define the term multicellular | more than one celled organism EX: a cat |
| What are lysosomes? | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials within the cell. Basically, the clean up crew |
Created by:
Rocketdog1567
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