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Topic 7-Nucleic

lots and lots of hard words

TermDefinition
Introns A non-coding segment of DNA that is removed from the RNA copy before transcription
Exons Any part of the DNA that is used when a polypeptide forms
Repressor a protein that binds DNA at an operator site and thereby prevents transcription of one or more adjacent genes.
Inhibitor a substance that decreases the rate of or stops completely a chemical reaction.
Activator The fragment produced by chemical cleavage of a pro-activator that induces the enzymatic activity of another substance.
Splice to separate and join 2 segments of DNA together
Prokaryote any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane, no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes, and has its genetic material in the form of single continuous strands forming coils or loops.
Eukaryote any organism having its structural unit as a cell type that contains specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, a membrane-bound nucleus enclosing genetic material organized into chromosomes, and an elaborate system of division by mitosis or meiosis.
pre-mRNA An immature single strand of messenger RNA
embryo the beginning or rudimentary stage of anything
morphogen morphogen is a signaling molecule that acts directly on cells to produce specific cellular responses depending on its local concentration
transcription the process by which genetic information on a strand of DNA is used to synthesize a strand of complementary RNA.
expression the action of a gene in the production of a protein or a phenotype.
histone any of a group of five small basic proteins, occurring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, that organize DNA strands into nucleosomes by forming molecular complexes around which the DNA winds.
nucleosomes any of the repeating subunits of chromatin occurring at intervals along a strand of DNA, consisting of DNA coiled around histone.
acetyl containing the acetyl chemical group
methylated a compound containing the methyl chemical group
phosphate A salt of esther of phosphoric acid
promoter a site on a DNA molecule at which RNA polymerase binds and initiates transcription.
operator a segment of DNA that interacts with a regulatory molecule, preventing transcription of the adjacent region.
modification the state of being modified; partial alteration.
Created by: roger.lohb2016
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