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Neuroscience

AP Psych Neurons & Nervous System

TermDefinition
Cell Body Life support center of the neuron
Dendrites Branching extensions at the cell body. Receive messages from other neurons
Axon Long single extension of a neuron
Myelin Sheath insulate and speed up messages through neurons
Terminal Branches branched endings of an axon that transmit messages to other neurons
Action Potential + outside, - inside
A neuron will fire if _________ the depolarizing currents exceeds the threshold
Refractory Period After an action potential is fired, it pauses for a short period to recharge itself to fire.
Synapse junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
Agonist Similar enough in structure to the neurotransmitter molecule that it mimics its effects on receiving neurons
Antagonists Structure similar enough to neurotransmitter to occupy its receptor and block its action
Reuptake Neurotransmitters in the synapse are reabsorbed into the sending neurons; applies brake on neurotransmitter action.
Sensory Neurons (afferent) carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the CNS
Motor Neurons (efferent) carry outgoing information from the CNS to muscles and glands
interneurons connect the neurons in the brain and spinal chords
glial cells provide physical and metabolic support to neurons; communicate with other cells
Schwann cells produce myelin in the PNS
Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the CNS
Astrocytes provide nutrition to neurons
Nerves Made up of many axons
CNS Consists of ____ & ____ Brain, Spinal Chord
PNS Consists of ____ & _____ Autonomic Nervous System, Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System Consists of _____ & _____ Parasympathetic Division (rest and digest) & Sympathetic Division (fight or flight)
Created by: abigailmy
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