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Rocks

Vocabulary Review

TermDefinition
basalt a dark, sense igneous rock with a fine texture
cementation the process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together in one mass
chemical rock sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize from a solution
clastic rock sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure
compaction the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight
deposition process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
erosion the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock or soil
extrusive rock igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth’s surface
foliated term used to describe metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
grains the particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture
granite a usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust
igneous rock a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface
intrusive rock igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface
metamorphic rock a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
organic rock sedimentary rock that forms from remains of organisms deposited in thick layers
rock-forming minerals the common minerals that make up most of the rocks of Earth’s surface
sedimentary rock small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or organisms; earth materials deposited by erosion
silica a materials found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon
texture the look and feel of a rock’s surface determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains
Created by: anorris
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