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Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Vocabulary Earth Science

TermDefinition
sediment small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity
lithification the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks
cementation mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock
bedding horizontal layering in sedimentary rock that can range from a few millimeters to several meters thick
graded bedding bedding in which the particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers
cross-bedding formed as inclined layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface
clastic sedimentary rock formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments that accumulate on Earth's surface
clastic means broken
porosity percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock
evaporites layers of chemical sedimentary rocks form
foliated metamorphic rock, such as schist or gneiss, whose minerals are squeezed under high pressure and arranged in wavy layers and bands
nonfoliated do not have distinct layers or bands
regional metamorphism a type of metamorphism in which the mineralogy and texture of rocks are changed over a wide area by deep burial and heating associated with the large-scale forces of plate tectonics
contact metamorphism localized metamorphism resulting from the heat of an igneous intrusion
hydrothermal metamorphism occurs due to interaction of country rocks with a high temperature fluid generating compositional and mineralogical changes
rock cycle a continuous process by which rocks are created, changed from one form to another, destroyed, and then formed again
Created by: BayleeCamp
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