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Scociology exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Social stratification | A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy based on three factors. Material resources, power, and status. |
| Matirial resources | Anything that can be turned into money. |
| Status | The degree by which people look up to or down to you. |
| Power | The ability to make people do what you want. |
| Funtionalist thoery | Each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society's stability and functionality as a whole. |
| Slave | An extreme form of inequality in which people own other people as property. |
| Caste | A social system in which a persons social status is given/determined for life. Social status in a caste system is determined based on physical characteristics such as race and ethnicity. |
| Class | refers to people who have a relationship to the means of production. |
| Social class | A social class is a group of people who occupy a similar economic position in the wider society |
| The 4 components of social class | Social class is determined by these 4 factors. income, wealth, occupation, and education. |
| Income | Money earned from work. Social scientists measure income in three main ways, mean, median, and shares. |
| Shares | They tell us the proportion of total income earned by a smaller group in a population |
| Wealth | The value of owned posestions minus debt. Mesaured the same way as income |
| Occupation | A person's source of income. Also provides status. |
| Social identites | Collections of individuals in society who are grouped together on the basis of shared traits or experiences. |
| Sociologist's definition of gender | The attitudes and behaviors that are associated with biological sex categories. |
| Gender difference's | The physchological, social, and cultural differences between men and women Ie: color differences for boys and girls |
| Gender inequaility | The difference in status, income, and power women and men have in groups, collectives and societies. |
| Power inequality | A form of gender inequality in which there is a difference in power between gender's. Ie: Management positions are more likely to be or have more men in them. |
| Domestic inequality | Gender differences in a household/domestic environment. Ie: Men doing less house work while women doing more housework. |
| Occupational sex segregation (OSS) | The pattern of women and men becoming concentrated into stereotyped occupations. Ie, women making up (90%) of nurses while men only (10%) |
| Race | ways of classifying people based on physical markers. Ie: skin color, hair texture, eye shape, etc. |
| Ethnicity | Ways of classifying people based on cultural differences, especially nationality. |
| Prejudice | A belief about a person or group that precedes knowledge of that person or group, and that may persist after contrary experience. |
| Discrimination | An action that follows from prejudice. Can be individual-level or institutional level. |
| Sex | The physical differences if the body between men and women. |
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