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Genetics
Gentics unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| Hybrid | A organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| Purebred | The offspring that many generations that have the same traits |
| Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass through it's genes. |
| Offspring | The product or result of something |
| Gene | The set of information that controls a trait. |
| Alleles | The different forms of a gene |
| Dominant Allele | An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
| Recessive Allele | An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present |
| Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a trait |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait |
| Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations |
| Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits |
| Meiosis | The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half |
| Haploid | Produced during meiosis and reduces the number of chromosomes in the Dipoid cell by half |
| Diploid | Having paired sets of chromosomes in a cell nucleus or a cell |
| Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosomes |
| Insertion | the addition of extra DNA or RNA into a section of genetic material |
| Deletion | losing a section of nucleic acid molecule or chromosome |
| Substitution | To replace one gene or trait with another one |
| Sex Linked Genes | A gene that is carried on the x or y chromosome |
| Carrier | A person who has the recessive allele for a trait but not the trait |
| Sex Chromosomes | The chromosomes that determine a persons gender |
| Genetic Disorders | An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| Pedigreee | A family tree that tracks all the members that have a certain trait |
| Selective Breeding | The process of selecting a few organisms with the desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generations |
| Inbreeding | A selective breeding method in which two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed |
| Hybridization | A selective breeding method in which two genetically different individuals are crossed |
| Clone | An organism with identical alleles as it's producer |
| Genetic Engineering | The transfer of a gene from one organism to another's dna |
| Gene Therapy | The insertion of working copies into cells of a person with a genetic disorder |
Created by:
Christopher_Cook
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