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Genetics Chapter 5

Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping

TermDefinition
linked gene genes located close together on the same chromosome
linked genes belong to the same _______ group linkage
linked genes do not what? Assort independently
linked genes do what? segregate together
crossing over produces __________ between linked genes Recombination
complete linkage when two genes are located very close together on the same chromosome and do not exhibit crossing over
nonrecombinant gametes (parental gametes) gametes that contain only original combinations of alleles present in the parents
nonrecombinant progeny (parental progeny) display the original combinations of traits present in the P generation
recombinant gametes gametes with new combinations of alleles
with independent assortment, nonrecombinants and recombinant gametes are produced in ______ proportions. equal
recombinant progeny the progeny with new combinations of traits formed from recombinant gametes
incompletely linked genes that exhibit crossing over
recombination frequency = number of (recombinants/total number of progeny)x100%
coupling or cis configuration wild-type alleles are found on one chromosome and mutant alleles are found on the other chromosome
repulsion or trans configuration each chromosome contains one wild-type and one mutant allele
interchromosomal recombination takes place between genes located on different chromosomes. (It arises from independent assortment)
intrachromosomal recombination takes place between genes located on the same chromosome (arises from crossing over)
both types of recombination produce what? new allele combinations in the gametes
the recombination types can be distinguished by the __________ of types of gametes frequencies
describe the recombination percentages exhibited by interchromosomal recombination produces 50% nonrecombinant gametes and 50% recombinant gametes
describe the recombination percentages exhibited by intrachromosomal recombination produces less than 50% recombinant gametes. However, when the genes are very far apart on the same chromosome, crossing over takes place in every meiotic division leading to 50% recomb gametes and 50 % nonrecomb gametes
How do we test for independent assortment? we use the chi-square test of independence
interference the degree to which one crossover interferes with additional crossovers in the same region
to calculate the interference, we first determine the what? coefficient of coincidence
coefficient of coincidence observed DCOs/ expected DCOs
interference= 1 - coefficient of coincidence
genetic markers variable genes with easily observable characteristics
linkage analysis type of gene mapping based on the detection of physical linkage between genes, as measure by the rate of recombination, in progeny from a cross
genomewide association studies type of gene mapping looking for nonrandom associations between the presence of a trait and alleles at many different loci scattered across the genome
haplotype a specific set of linked genetic variants or alleles on a single chromosome or on part of a chromosome
linkage disequilibrium nonrandom association between genetic variants within a haplotype
Created by: cmccartney2
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