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Ecosystems Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ecosystem | contains all of the organisms and their nonliving surrounding environment |
| biotic factors | the living parts of an ecosystem |
| abiotic factors | the nonliving parts of an ecosystem |
| organism | any living thing |
| unicellular | an organism that is made up of only one cell |
| multicellular | an organism that is made up of more than one or many cells |
| cell | the smallest unit of life |
| organelles | the basic structures in a cell that help it function |
| cell membrane | the "guard", the soft, flexible outside covering of a cell that controls what comes in and out of a cell |
| cytoplasm | the "jello", gel-like fluid that fills most of a cell, holds the other organelles in place |
| nucleus | the "boss" or the "brain", controls everything the cell does |
| vacuole | the "closet", the storage spaces in the cell that hold food/nutrients, water, and waste |
| mitochondria | the "power plant", breaks down food in the cell and provides energy for the other organelles |
| cell wall | only found in plant cells, provides extra support outside the cell membrane |
| chloroplast | only found in plant cells, contains chlorophyll to give plants their green color |
| population | all members of ONE kind of organism that live in a particular area |
| community | a group of different populations of organisms |
| microorganisms | living things that can be unicellular or multicellular that are too small to be seen without a microscope |
| terrestrial ecosystems | land-based ecosystems (include grasslands and forests) |
| aquatic ecosystems | water-based ecosystems that may be fresh water (lakes and ponds) or salt water (oceans, estuaries, and saltwater marshes) |
| producers | plants, can use light energy from the sun(photosynthesis) to make their own food |
| consumers | animals, cannot make their own food |
| herbivores | animals that eat only plants |
| carnivores | animals that eat only animals or meat |
| omnivores | animals that eat both animals and plants |
| decomposers | get their energy by breaking down dead organisms, return nutrients to the soil |
| food chain | a series of plants and animals in which each organism is a source of food/energy for the next in the series |
| food web | formed by interconnected food chains |
| predators | animals that hunt and kill other animals for food |
| prey | animals that are hunted and killed as food for other animals |
| parasite | an organism that feeds by causing harm to its host |
| host | organisms or cells that serve as a home or source of food for a parasite |
| limiting factor | a condition or resource that keeps a population at a certain size (food, water, space, shelter) |
| balance of nature | relationship between numbers of organisms and the resources available in an ecosystem |
Created by:
Jerman
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