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Ecology/ Evolution

Fungi vocab/ concepts chap 31

QuestionAnswer
hypha filament that collectively makes up body of fungi
mycelium mat of hyphae
septa cross walls that divide hypha into cells
coenocytic multinucleate state resulting from division of nuclei without cytoplasmic division
haustoria in certain symbiotic fungi, specialized hyphae that can penetrate tissues of host organisms
mycorrhizae symbiotic relationship between roots of plants and fungi. benefit to plant: increase root surface area and get phosphates from fungi. benefit to fungi: carbohydrates from plant
ectomycorrhizal fungi hyphae stay on outside of cells
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi penetrate cell wall but not plasma membrane (endomicorrhizae)
Is the dominant life stage of a fungi diploid or haploid? Haploid
Describe sexual reproduction of fungi two different hyphae from two different mating types fuse forming a heterokaryotic stage (aka dikaryotic)
plasmogamy fusion of cytoplasm of two cells (hyphae)
karyogamy fusion of nuclei to form a diploid zygote which undergoes meiosis to produce spore-producing structures aka sporangia
Describe asexual reproduction in a fungus mycelia generate sporangia. Sporangia make haploid spores that undergo mitosis to make mycelia.
Deuteromycetes Fungi in which sexual structures are unknown
How do we classify fungi in terms of diversity It's based on similarity of reproductive structures
Opisthokonts Animals, fungi and protistian relatives are members of this clade. The name refers to the posterior location of the flagella in these organisms
Chytrids Flagellated spores are unique to these fungi
Zygomycetes Form zygosporangium during sexual reproduction
Ascomycetes form an ascocarp, a cuplike structure that contains many asci. tasty ones like truffles and morels
Conidia asexual structure in ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes form basidiocarps (the acutal smurf-house mushroom) within the basidiocarp gills are many basidia, which are spore-producing structures
Endophytes fungi that live inside plant tissues
Lichens symbiotic relationship between green algae/cyanobacteria and fungi
Created by: manka
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