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NALS CH.9+10_500801

TermDefinition
Adjudicate Judge.
Appellate Jurisdiction Authority of a court to review cases tried in lower courts.
Bailiff The peace officer of the court responsible for keeping order and maintaining appropriate courtroom decorum.
Bar A collective noun that refers to all attorneys admitted to practice law in a given state or court system.
Bar Association Organization of attorneys admitted to practice law in a given state or court system.
Bench (the) A term that refers indirectly to the judge in a given court.
Bench Tried Case (bench trial) Trial by a judge, rather than a jury.
Case Law Law established by judicial decisions made in court cases.
Civil Law Law that is based on a series of written codes or laws.
Closed Hearing Hearing at which members of the general public are not allowed as spectators.
Common Law Law based on precedent; case law.
Concurrent Jurisdiction Jurisdiction granted in different courts at the same time over the same matters and within the same territorial limit.
Constitutional Law Law set forth in the Constitution of the United States and in state constitutions.
Contempt of Court The refusal to obey a court order.
Court Tribunal with judicial authority to handle the administration of justice.
Court Clerk An officer of the court whose responsibilities include maintaining the records of a court.
Court Reporter A person who usually sits in court while it is in session and records all proceedings verbatim.
Deputy Reporter Someone who reports for the deputy.
Deputy Clerk Assistant who takes care of filing and making a calendar for a judge.
Docket A calendar of cases to be tried in a certain term of court or a specific courtroom.
Doctrine of Stare Decisis A doctrine that requires courts to stand by earlier court decisions when hearing cases with similar fact situations.
Ex Parte Communication Referring to an action taken without the participation of both parties to litigation. In due course, the other party must be notified of the action. In some instances, ex parte actions are impermissible and disciplinable.
Exclusive Jurisdiction The authority granted to a court to hear certain matters to the exclusion of all other courts.
General Jurisdiction A jurisdiction without limitation as to the types of cases or monetary limits on cases a court can hear. Sometimes called unlimited jurisdiction.
In Chambers Private.
Judge A public official appointed to decide cases in a court of law.
Jurisdiction The power and authority of a court to hear and try a case.
Jurisdiction in Personam The authority of a court to render a judgement against a person or to a subject the disputing parties to the decisions and rulings made by it.
Jurisdiction in Rem The authority of a court to render a judgement concerning property over which it has jurisdiction.
Limited Jurisdiction Jurisdiction in which a court is restricted in the type if case it can hear or in the amount of money involved in litigation.
Marshal A federal or municipal law officer.
Monetary Jurisdiction The limitation on dollar amounts that a court may award.
Officers of the Court Individuals who are invoked once to create a change in line spacing, margins, tab settings, font changes, justification. and page numbering.
Open Hearing A hearing the public can attend.
Original Jurisdiction The authority granted to a court to hear and determine a matter for the first time.
Precedent Law created by case decisions previously made.
Pro Se Term used to designate a person who represents himself in court.
Procedural Law That body of laws which defines and describes the process to be followed to enforce substantive law.
Sheriff An elected officer in a county who is responsible for keeping the peace.
Statutory Law Law enacted by Congress, state legislatures, and local governments.
SUbject Matter Jurisdiction The authority of a court to render a binding judgement over the matter in dispute.
Substantive Law The statutory or written law that governs rights and obligations of those who are subject to it.
Term of Court The term of court refers to a specific session in which a court is hearing cases.
Territorial Jurisdiction The actual geographic area over which the court has authority.
Venue Authority of a court to hear a matter based on geographical location.
Writ of Certiorari An order by the appellate court requiring the lower or trial court to surrender jurisdiction to the appellate court for the duration of the appeal.
Created by: 500801
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