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Chapter 7
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basic units of life | Cell |
| A fundamental concept of bio | Cell theory |
| Lg membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in form of DNA | Nucleus |
| Cells that contains nuclei | Eukaryote |
| Cells that do not contain nuclei | Prokaryote |
| Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell | Organelle |
| Part of cell outside nucleus | Cytoplasm |
| Layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus | Nuclear envelope |
| The granular material you can see in nucleus | Chromatin |
| Distinct, threadlike structures that contain genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next | Chromosome |
| A sm, dense region that most nuclei contain where the assembly of ribosomes begins | Nucleolus |
| Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm | Ribosome |
| An internal membrane system contained in eukaryotic cells | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum | Golgi apparatus |
| Sm organelles filled with enzymes | Lysosome |
| Saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates | Vacuole |
| Organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use | Mitochondria |
| Organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a photosynthesis | Chloroplast |
| A network of protein filaments that help the cell to maintain its shape, also involved in movement, helps support cell | Cytoskeleton |
| One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope | Centriole |
| Think, flexible barrier around a cell, regulates what enters and leaves cell | Cell membrane |
| Double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes | Lipid bilayer |
| Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they're more concentrated to an area where they're less concentrated | Diffusion |
| The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane | Osmosis |
| "Above strength", the solution with greater solute concentration | Hypertonic |
| Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels | Facilitated diffusion |
| Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference | Active transport |
| Means "cell eating", process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf lg particles and take them into the cell | Phagocytosis |
| Process: cell releases lg amounts of material | Exocytosis |
| A strong supporting layer around the membrane that many cells produce | Cell wall |
| The mass of solute in a given volume of solution (mass/volume) of a solution | Concentration |
| When solute concentration is the same throughout solution | Equilibrium |
| Two solutions' concentrations are the same | Isotonic |
| "Below strength" solution with lesser solute concentration | Hypotonic |
| Process: cell takes material into cell by infolding of the cell membrane | Endocytosis |
| Process: cell takes in liquid from surrounding environment | Pinocytosis |
| Process: separate rolls for each type of cell in multicellular organisams | Cell specialization |
| Group of similar cells that do a particular function | Tissue |
| Group of tissues that work together | Organ |
| Organ group that work together to perform a specific function | Organ system |
Created by:
rachelebrady
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