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7th Science Part 1
Chapter 3- Your Wonderful Body- A Beka Book- Science Order and Design Malia N.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomists | Scientists who study anatomy |
| Anatomy | The study of an organism's shape and structure |
| What parts of a human being are the most important and are not physical and cannot be explained by scientific laws? | Soul and spirit |
| What are the three main divisions of your body? | Head, trunk, and appendages |
| Trunk | Contains most of the body's most vital organs |
| Appendages | Arms and legs |
| No part of the body can exist _____________. | Independently. God said this in His Word. |
| System | The highest and most obvious level of organization within your body. |
| Organ | A group of tissues specifically arranged to perform a definite function(s) |
| Tissues | Made up of still smaller units called cells |
| Cells | Not the smallest units of matter, but they are the smallest units of living things |
| To survive, your body's cells must have ____, _____, ______ supplied, and ______ removed. | food, water, oxygen, wastes |
| Cardiovascular system | Has the job of "pickup and delivery" |
| Which word describes the body parts through which blood travels? | Cardiovascular. Cardio refers to the heart, and vascular refers to the blood vessels. |
| Plasma | Over 50% of your blood consists of this straw-colored liquid |
| Red blood cells | Transport oxygen to the other cells of the body on special proteins called hemoglobin; millions of these in one drop of blood. |
| Hemoglobin | Special protiens |
| Platelets | Cell pieces that form clots and seal up cuts |
| Heart | Your blood moves through your body by the pumping action of this |
| Arteries | Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and they branch into smaller vessels called arterioles. |
| Arterioles | Branch into vast networks of still smaller cells called capillaries |
| Capillaries | Are next to your body's cells |
| Deffusion | The mixing of gas or liquid molecules by random molecular motion |
| Venules | Similar to arterioles. However, they carry blood from capillary networks to veins. |
| Veins | Large blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. |
| Atrium | Upper chamber of the heart |
| Ventricle | Lower chamber of the heart |
| Pericardium | A tough slippery membrane that encloses the heart allowing the chambers to contract and relax without rubbing against the surrounding tissues |
| Pulmonary Circulation | Transports the blood back and forth between the lungs and heart |
| Coronary circulation | The blood flow to the heart |
| Systemic circulation | The flow of blood between the heart and the rest of the body |
| Respiratory system | It's major |
| Nasal cavity | Air entering the respiratory system generally travels first into this, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered |
| Mucous membrane | Lines the nasal cavity and secretes sticky mus that traps dust particles and other foreign substances found in the air |
| Pharnyx | Throat |
| Larnyx | Voice box |
| Trachea | Windpipe |
| Bronchi | Allows air to enter the two lungs |
| Lungs | located in your chest ar spongy organs of the respiratory system |
| Thoracic cavity | Your chest |
| Pleura | A thin, slippery membrane which is held by a lubrication liquid against the pleural membrane (The membrane up against the thoracic cavity wall) |
| Diaphragm | A muscle that helps you breathe by contracting to create more space in your thoracic cavity |
| Digestive system | Breaks down the food you eat, allowing the food to be absorbed by the blood and used throughout your body as a source of energy |
| A you eat and digest food your digestive system acts ____________ and __________ upon the food tho break it down inopt molecules that can be absorbed into the blood | mechanically, chemically |
| Alimentary canal | The path food follows through the digestive system |
| Mouth | Chews the food and mixes it with saliva |
| Saliva | Contains special enzymes that break down strach form food into sugar. |
| Enzymes | Molecules designed to make chemical reactions occur very rapidly |
| Teeth | Critical for digestion |
| Crown | The visible part of a tooth |
| Enamel | The hardest substance in the body |
| Root | The part of the tooth that is not covered by enamel |
| Dentin | A hard, bone-like tissue which forms and shapes the tooth |
| Cementum | A thin, bone-like covering over the root which holds the root firmly in its socket |
| Periodontal membrance | Connects the cementum to the jawbone |
| Esophagus | A long, muscular tube that connects your mouth to your stomach |
| Peristalsis | The involuntary contraction of muscles in the esophagus that pushes the food toward you stomach |
| Epiglotttis | A trapdoor that keeps food from entering the trachea. Normally, the epiglottis is open to allow you to breathe. |
| When you _______, the epiglottis ______ over the trachea so that food goes into your ________ and not into your _________ system. | Swallow, closes, esophagus, respiratory |
| Stomach | A muscular organ that acts as a storage and mixing chamber |
| Small intestine | The organ where most chemical digestion and food absorption occurs |
| Duodenum | The first ten inches of the small intestine where food is mixed with digestive secretions from the intestinal wall, pabcreas, and liver |
| Villi | A large number of hair-like tubes that cover the inside walls of all three sections of the small intestine |
| Liver | The body's largest internal organ, works in several systems, but its two main functions help the digestive system |
| Bile | A yellowish-greenish liquid that the liver produces that is mixed with food in the small intestine to help digest fat |
| Gallbladder | The liver stores bile in this sack-like organ, which is located beneath the liver |
| Pancreas | Located beneath the stomach, produces pancreatic juice that is sent into the small intestine |
| Colon | Large intestine |
| Rectum | A short section at the end of the colon |
| Feces | A fancy word for pody |
| Name the three main functions of the liver. | 1. Produce bile 2. Filter out certain poisonous substances 3. Stores the bloods excess glucose |
Created by:
nelsonclan
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