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Biology

ch. 10.1, ch. 12, ch. 13

TermDefinition
heredity the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.
traits characteristics that are inherited.
genetics the branch of biology that studies heredity.
gamete produces male and female sex cells.
fertilization the male gamete unites with the female gamete.
zygote fertilized cell.
pollination the transfer of pollen grains from a male reproduction organ to a female reproduction organ in a plant.
hybrid the offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait, such as tall and short height.
allele different genes.
dominant observed trait.
recessive the disappeared trait.
law of segregation states that every individual has two alleles of each gene and when the gametes are produced, each gamete receives one of these alleles.
phenotype the way an organism looks and behaves.
genotype the allele combination an organism contains.
homozygous for a trait if its two alleles for the trait are the same.
heterozygous for a trait if its two alleles for the trait differ from each other.
law of independence assortment genes for different traits.
pedigree a graphic representation of genetic inheritance
carrier a half-shaded circle or square represents
fetus the developing baby
inbreeding mating between closely related individuals
test tube is a cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an individual of know genotype.
Created by: jodypruitt
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