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Chapter 20
respiratory system part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ___ process involved in the exchange of oxygen and co2 between the bodies interstitial fluids and the external environment | external respiration |
| ____ is the absorption of O2 and release of Co2 by tissue cells | internal respiration |
| the primary function of pulmonary ventilation "breathing" is to maintain adequate ____ | alveolar ventilation |
| During inhalation: pressure inside the lungs is | less than pressure outside the body. |
| gas in a closed container and at a constant temperature, pressure (P) is inversely proportional to volume (V) is an example of ____ law | Boyle's law |
| when the diaphragm contracts it tenses and moves inferiorly. This movement ____ the volume of the thoracic cavity, reducing the pressure within it | increases |
| an injury that allows air into the pleural cavity causing the lung to collapse is a condition called | atelectasis |
| the ____ volume is the amount of air moved into the lungs during inhalation and out of the lungs during exhalation | tidal |
| ___ is the most common unit for reporting blood pressure and gas pressure. Normal atmospheric pressure is ~ ___mm Hg | (mm Hg) millimeters of mercury |
| pressures in compressed gas cylinders and other industrial applications are generally reported in ___ | psi "pounds per square inch" |
| the ___ and ____ muscles are both involved in inhalation | diaphragm, external intercostal |
| contraction of the ____ muscles assist the _____ muscles in elevating the ribs | accessory, external intercostal |
| ___ of the ____ flattens the floor of the thoracic cavity, increasing its volume and drawing air into the lungs | contraction, diaphragm |
| what are the muscles that depress the ribs and reduce the width and depth of the thoracic cavity ? | internal intercostal and transversus thoracis |
| during exhalation the ____ muscles depress the ribs and push the relaxed diaphragm into the thoracic cavity | accessory expiratory |
| Which of the following is an accessory expiratory muscle? | transversus thoracis muscle |
| ___ is the amount of air you can breathe in over and above the tidal volume | IRV "inspiratory reserve volume" |
| ___ is the amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single cycle under resting conditions | tidal volume |
| ____ is the amount of air that you can voluntarily expel after you have completed a normal, quiet respiratory cycle | ERV "expiratory reserve volume" |
| ___ is a component of the residual volume, is the amount of air that would remain in your lungs if they were to collapse | minimal volume |
| ____ is the total volume of your lungs, it is calculated by adding the VC vital capacity and the RV residual volume | total lung capacity |
| ___ volume is the amount of air that remains in your lungs even after a maximal exhalation | residual volume |
| _____ is the amount of air remaining in your lungs after you completed a quiet respiratory cycle. | FRC functional residual capacity |
| ____ is the maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs in a single respiratory cycle | vital capacity |
| ____ is the amount of air you can draw into your lungs after you have completed a quiet reparatory cycle | inspiratory capacity |
| ____ is the amount of breaths you take each minute | respiratory rate |
| ____ is the amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute | alveolar ventilation |
| the alveolar ventilation is less than the respiratory minute volume, because some of the air never reaches the alveoli, but remains in the conducting portion of the lungs. This is known as ___ | anatomic dead space |
| all the partial pressures added together equal the total pressure exerted by the gas mixture, this is known as ____ law | daltons |
| at a given temperature, the amount of gas in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas, this is known as ____law | henrys |
| the percentage of hemi units containing bound oxygen at any given moment is called ___ | hemoglobin saturation |
| carbon dioxide is generated by ____ in peripheral tissues | aerobic metabolism |
| after entering the bloodstream, a Co2 molecule is ___ | 1. converted to a molecule of carbonic acid 2. bound to the protein portion of hemoglobin molecules of rbis 3. dissolved in plasma |
| Most of the carbon dioxide that is absorbed by blood:is converted to | carbonic acid. |
| most of the co2 absorbed by blood is converted to carbonic acid through the activity of the enzyme ____ | carbonic anhydrase |
| ___ is a mass movement of chloride ions into the rbcs | chloride shift |
| VE (volume of air moved each minute) = ____ x _____ | F (breaths per minute), VT (tidal volume) |
Created by:
btuehara
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