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ES Quarter 1 Review
test review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atmosphere | the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet |
| Biosphere | all organisms on Earth as well as the environments in which they live |
| Geosphere | the area from the surface of Earth down to its center |
| Hydrosphere | all the water on Earth, including the water in the atmosphere |
| Dependent Variable | factor in an experiment that can change if the independent variable is changed |
| Independent Variable | factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment |
| Hypothesis | a testable explanation of a situation |
| Scientific Law | a principle that describes the behavior of a natural phenomenon |
| Scientific Theory | an explanation based on many observations during repeated experiments; valid only if consistent with observations, can be used to make testable predictions, and is the simplest explanation; can be changed or modified with the discovery of new data |
| Cleavage | a smooth break |
| Fracture | a rough break |
| Hardness | a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched |
| Luster | the way a mineral reflects light |
| Streak | -is the color of a mineral when it is broken up and powered -tested on a porcelain plate |
| Fractional Crystallization | process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures, removing elements from magma |
| Partial Melting | process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperatures, changing its composition |
| Pegmatite | vain deposits of extremely large grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium |
| Compare and contrast mass and weight | mass is the amount of matter present in a body while weight is mass under the force of gravity |
| Explain naturally occuring | not man made |
| Explain inorganic solid | they are not made from living organisms |
| Explain specific chemical composition | a chemical composition unique to that mineral, the majority are made from compounds |
| Explain definite crystalline structure | a crystal is a solid in which the atoms are arranged in repeating patterns |
| Explain what physical properties could be used to tell the difference between Pyrite and Gold | Scratch the gold and if it leaves a green mark then it's Pyrite. Gold has a shiny yellow streak. |
| Given the harness of two different minerals and explain what would happen if they rubbed together | a diamond is 10 and talc |
| Explain how igneous rocks form | when magma crystallizes and cools into a solid form. |
Created by:
selenamercado
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