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ES CH 1-4

TermDefinition
Atmosphere blanket of gases surrounding Earth that contains about 78 percent nitrogen 21 percent oxygen and 1 percent other gases such as argon carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Biosphere all of Earth's organisms and the environments in which they live.
Geo-sphere the part of Earth from its surface to its center.
Hydrosphere all water in Earth's oceans lakes seas rivers and glaciers plus all water in the atmosphere
Dependent Variable factor in an experiment that can change if the independent variable is changed.
Independent Variable factor that is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment
Hypothesis a testable explanation of a situation.
Scientific Law a principle that describes the behavior of a natural.
Scientific Theory an explanation based on many observations during repeated experiments valid only if consistent with observation can be used to make testable predictions and is the simplest explanation can be changed or modified with the discovery of new data.
Fracture when a mineral breaks into pieces with arclike rough or jagged edges.
Hardness measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched which is determined by the arrangement of a mineral's atoms.
Luster The way that a mineral reflects light from its surface two types metallic and nonmetallic.
Streak color a mineral leaves when it is rubbed across an unglazed porcelain plate or when it is broken up and powdered.
Fractional Crystallization process in which different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures removing elements from magma.
Partial Melting process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperatures changing its composition.
Pegmatite vein deposits of extremely large grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium.
kimberlite rare ultramafic rock that can contain diamonds and other minerals formed only under very high pressure.
Created by: garrettreed
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