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Chemical Compounds
and cell environment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the elements in a carbohydrate? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
| How does a carbohydrate function in a cell? | It provides energy. |
| What are the elements in a protein? | Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen |
| How does protein function in a cell? | It helps do what ever job it is assigned. |
| What are the elements in lipids? | carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| How do lipids function in a cell? | They store energy |
| What is an element? | any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances? |
| What is an atom? | The smallest unit in an element. |
| What is a compound? | When two or more elements combine chemically |
| What is a molecule? | The smallest unit in a compound. |
| What are the elements found in living things? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfer |
| What element do many compounds found in living things have? | Carbon |
| What are some important groups of organic compounds found in living things? | carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. |
| What are compounds that do not have the element of carbon called? | Inorganic compounds |
| What is a carbohydrate? | An energy risk organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| What are some good examples of carbohydrate? | sugars and starches |
| What parts of the cell are carbohydrates important to? | cell walls and cell membranes |
| wha are compounds that contain carbon called? | Organic compounds |
| What are lipids? | energy risk organic compounds made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
| What are good examples of lipids | Fats, oils and waxes |
| Why are lipids important? | They have more energy than carbohydrates and can store it for later |
| What are proteins | Large organic molecules made from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nigrogen |
| What are the smaller molecules of protein in a cell called? | amino acids |
| What are enzymes | a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |
| Why ar enzymes important? | They allow the chemical reactions living things need to happen at a speed that keeps them alive |
| What are nucleic acids | very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. |
| What do nucleic acids do? | They conain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life. |
| What are they two kinds of nucleic acids? | DNA and RNA |
| What is DNA? | genetic material that carries information about an organism that is passed from parent to offspring and directs all of the cells functions. |
| What is RNA? | Produces protiens |
| Why is water important in a cell? | Most chemical reactions within cells found not take place without water. It also helps the cell keep its size, shape and temperature. |
| Diffusion | main maethod, small molecules move across the cell membrane. They move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. |
| How is diffusion caused | caused by molecules moving and colliding which causes molecules to push away from another and spread out. |
| What is osmosis? | water molecules move by diffusion from a highly concentrated area to an area of lower concentration. |
| What is passive transport? | The movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy |
| What are two examples of passive transport? | osmosis and diffusion |
| What is active transport? | Movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy. |
| In active transport where do molecules get picked up? | They pick up molecules outside the cell and carry them inside |
| What does an engulfing cell membrane do? | Wraps around or engulfs a particle to form a vacuole. |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | Proteins in the cell membrane form openings for sugar to pass. |
| what is exocytosis? | The process of materials exiting the cells |
| what is endocytosis | the process of materials entering the cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane |
| What are transport proteins? | tiny structures in the cell membrane that create a tunnel for medium sized particles to enter or exit a cell |
| WHAT IS a protein channel? | a protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane. |
Created by:
slhanlon
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