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Vocab Quarter 1
jeerapat lommahadthai
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reference point | is the starting point you choose to describe the location, or position of an object. |
| Position | is an object distance and direction from the reference point |
| Motion | is a process of changing position |
| Displacement | is a different between the initial and the final position of an object |
| Speed | A measure of distance an object travel per unit of time |
| Constance speed | is a rate of change of position in which the same distance is travel each second |
| Instantaneous speed | is speed at a specific instant in time |
| Average speed | is the total distance traveled divided by a total time taken to travel that distance. |
| Velocity | is the speed and direction of a moving object |
| Acceleration | is a measure of change in velocity during a period of time |
| Force | a push or pull on an object |
| Contract force | a push or a pull on one object by another object that is touching it |
| Non contract force | a force that one object applies to another object without touching it |
| Gravity | an attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass |
| Mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| Weight | the gravitational force exerted on an object. |
| Friction | the gravitational force exerted on an object. |
| Net force | the combination of all the forces acting on an object |
| Balanced forces | Balanced forces |
| Unbalanced forces | forces acting on an object that combine and form a net force that is not zero |
| Newton’s first law | law that states that if the net force acting on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not change |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| Newton’s Second law | law that states that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object's mass |
| Circular motion | law that states that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object's mass |
| Centripetal | in circular motion, a force that acts perpendicular to the direction of motion, toward the center of the curve. |
| Newton’s third law | law that states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| Force pair | the forces two objects apply to each other |
| Momentum | a measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object. |
| Law of conservation of momentum | a principle stating that the total momentum of a group of objects stays the same unless outside forces act on the objects. |
| Sound wave | a longitudinal wave that can travel only through matter |
| Pitch | the perception of how high or low a sound is; related to the frequency of a sound wave |
| Echo | a reflected sound wave |
| Energy | the ability to cause change. |
| Kinetic energy | energy due to motion |
| Electric energy | energy carried by an electric current. |
| Potential energy | stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles. |
| Chemical energy | energy that is stored in and released from the bonds between atoms. |
| Nuclear energy | energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom. |
| Mechanical energy | energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom. |
| Thermal energy | the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object. |
| Sound energy | energy carried by sound waves. |
| Seismic energy | the energy transferred by waves moving through the ground. |
| Radiant energy | energy carried by an electromagnetic wave. |
| Energy transformation | - the conversion of one form of energy to another. |
| Law of conservation of energy - | law that states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed |
| Work | the amount of energy used as a force moves an object over a distance. |
| Simple machines | a machine that does work using one movement. |
| Inclined plane | a simple machine that consists of a ramp, or a flat, sloped surface. |
| Screw | a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. |
| Wedge | a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides; it is used to split or separate an object. |
| Lever | a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots, or rotates, around a fixed point. |
| Wheel and axle | a simple machine that consists of an axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the shaft and wheel rotate together. |
| Pulley | a simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it. |
| Complex machines | two or more simple machines working together. |
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jeelom11
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