Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Molecules of Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| macro | many molecules |
| polymer | many molecules |
| monomer | one molecule |
| How are macromolecules formed? | Dehydration of Condensation Reaction |
| lysis | split |
| macromolecules are broken into individual molecules | Hydrolysis reaction |
| enzymes | speed up the rate of reaction |
| Carbo | carbon |
| hydrate | water |
| carbohydrates | sugars |
| Monosaccharides | building blocks, sacch means sugar |
| Disaccharides | 2 monosaccharides linked together Di means two |
| Polysaccharides | Many sugars linked together |
| carbohydrates end in | -ose fructose, sucrose, lactose |
| starch | E storage molecules in plants |
| glycogen | E storage molecules in animals |
| cellulose | structural component of plant cell walls. most organic compound on earth |
| chitin | exoskeleton of some animals |
| lipids | fats, oils, waxes, and steroids |
| hydrophobic | fear of water |
| lipids are mainly composed of | hydrophobic molecules |
| two main parts | fatty acid tails and 3 carbon glycerol molecule |
| triglycerols or triglycerides | your basic fat or oil |
| saturated fats | bad types of fat when it comes to our diet. solid at room temperature |
| unsaturated fats | Liquid at room temperature from plants such as vegetable oil, sunflower oil or peanut oil |
| polyunsaturated fats | Liquid at room temp. From plants. numerous double or triple bonds in the fatty acid portion |
| hydrogenated or Trans fats | oils turned solid by adding hydrogenph |
| phospholipids | these molecules replace a single fatty acid with a phosphate ion. They still have 2 fatty acid tails. They have a neutral charge. |
| philic | means "lover of" |
| Bi-layers | Having 2 layers |
| Waxes | these lipids are formed by combining alcohols with unsaturated oils. Lipstick |
| steroid | has 4 carbon rings with the top ring looking like a house |
| cholesterol | a steroid molecule. All membranes need to have cholesterol to remain flexible. It's bad for your health if you have too much. |
| Atherosclerosis | clogged arteries from too much cholesterol |
| Proteins | Polypeptides that make up more than fifty percent of an organisms dry weight which is called biomass. |
| Amino acids | building blocks of proteins. Twenty different ones. |
| Proteins and Enzymes | have hundreds of different amino acids in their structure |
| monomers | individual amino acids bonded together by a peptide bond |
| polypeptide | many amino acids put together. |
| Proteins and enzymes | workhorses of the cell |
| 1' | Primary structure |
| Fredrick Sanger | 1948 Discovered the first protein amino acid sequence. It was for insulin |
| Primary sequence | really important |
| 2' | Secondary structure |
| hydrogen bonds | allows for flexibility |
| 3' | Tertiary structure. Tert means third. Helps with flexibility within the protein |
| 4' | Quaternary Structure. Quarter means fourth. Two or more polypeptides are woven together. Multiple woven together |
| hemoglobin | red blood cells have 4 proteins woven together to form it |
| denaturation | enzyme unfolding. Unraveling of a protein or enzyme causing it not to function. Caused by ph changes, salt concentration changes, and temperature changes. |
| monomers | nucleotides |
| polymers | DNA or RNA. Depends on the 5 carbon sugar present in the monomer. sources of genes & hereditary information. |
| DNA | Master Million Dollar Blueprint. Kept safe in the nucleus. The nucleus is like a vault to keep the DNA safe. |
| RNA | the cheap 10 cent copy of the Master Blue print. Disposable/ recyclable. |
| Pyrimidines (C,T,U) | Big name, small molecule. Counting steps Takes you Up the Pyramid... easy way to remember them |
| Purines (A,G) | Small name big molecule. Two carbon rings in the nitrogen base. Alabama is Purely Greater than Auburn -easy way to remember. Always a pyrimidine paired with a purine. The sequence determines what protein or enzyme is made. |
| DNA double helix structure | James Watson & Francis Crick make the model in 1953. Two sides are complimentary. (Fit together perfectly.) One side is DNA other is RNA |
| Genes & Evolution | The more Nucleotide sequence genes in common, the more closely related the organisms are. The fewer Nucleotide sequence genes is common, the more distantly related they are. |
| denaturation | enzyme unfolding. Unraveling of a protein or enzyme causing it not to function. Caused by ph changes, salt concentration changes, and temperature changes. |
| monomers | nucleotides |
| polymers | DNA or RNA. Depends on the 5 carbon sugar present in the monomer. sources of genes & hereditary information. |
| DNA | Master Million Dollar Blueprint. Kept safe in the nucleus. The nucleus is like a vault to keep the DNA safe. |
| RNA | the cheap 10 cent copy of the Master Blue print. Disposable/ recyclable. |
| Pyrimidines (C,T,U) | Big name, small molecule. Counting steps Takes you Up the Pyramid... easy way to remember them |
| Purines (A,G) | Small name big molecule. Two carbon rings in the nitrogen base. Alabama is Purely Greater than Auburn -easy way to remember. Always a pyrimidine paired with a purine. The sequence determines what protein or enzyme is made. |
| DNA double helix structure | James Watson & Francis Crick make the model in 1953. Two sides are complimentary. (Fit together perfectly.) One side is DNA other is RNA |
| Genes & Evolution | The more Nucleotide sequence genes in common, the more closely related the organisms are. The fewer Nucleotide sequence genes is common, the more distantly related they are. |
Created by:
100003220403022
Popular Biology sets