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iScience

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
cell the smallest unit of life.
unicellular living things that are made of only one cell.
multicellular living things that are made of two or more cells.
organism things that have all the characteristics of life.
homestasis an organism's ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside condition change.
binomial nomenclature gives each organism a two-word scientific name.
species a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring.
genus a group of similar species.
dichotomous key a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that lead the user to the identification of an unknown organism.
cladogram a branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestor.
light microscope use light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object.
compound microscope a light microscope that uses more that one lenses to magnify an object.
electron microscope use a magnetic field to focus a beam of electron through an object of onto an object's surface.
cell theory states that all living things are made of one or more cells, the cell is the smallest units of life, and all news cells come from the preexisting cells.
macromolecule these substance form by joining many small molecules together.
nucleic acid are macro-molecule that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides.
protein are long chains of amino acid molecules.
lipid is a large macro-molecule that does not dissolve in water.
carbohydrated one sugar molecules, two sugar molecules, or a long chain of sugar molecules.
cell membrane is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside the cell.
cell wall is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane.
cytoplasm a fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules.
cytoskeleton is a network of threadlike proteins that are joined together.
organelles membrane-surrounded component of a eukaryotic cells with a specialized function.
nucleus is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.
chloroplast are membrane-bound organelles that use light energy and make food - a sugar called glucose - from water and carbon dioxide in a process known as photosynthesis.
passive transport is the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy.
diffusion is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
facilitated diffusion when molecules pass through a cell membrane using special protein called transport proteins.
osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules only though a membrane.
active transport is the movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using he cell's energy.
endocytosis is the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane.
exocytosis is the process during which a cell's vesicle release their contents outside the cell.
Created by: juntthanat
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