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iScience
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | the smallest unit of life. |
| unicellular | living things that are made of only one cell. |
| multicellular | living things that are made of two or more cells. |
| organism | things that have all the characteristics of life. |
| homestasis | an organism's ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside condition change. |
| binomial nomenclature | gives each organism a two-word scientific name. |
| species | a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring. |
| genus | a group of similar species. |
| dichotomous key | a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that lead the user to the identification of an unknown organism. |
| cladogram | a branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestor. |
| light microscope | use light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object. |
| compound microscope | a light microscope that uses more that one lenses to magnify an object. |
| electron microscope | use a magnetic field to focus a beam of electron through an object of onto an object's surface. |
| cell theory | states that all living things are made of one or more cells, the cell is the smallest units of life, and all news cells come from the preexisting cells. |
| macromolecule | these substance form by joining many small molecules together. |
| nucleic acid | are macro-molecule that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides. |
| protein | are long chains of amino acid molecules. |
| lipid | is a large macro-molecule that does not dissolve in water. |
| carbohydrated | one sugar molecules, two sugar molecules, or a long chain of sugar molecules. |
| cell membrane | is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside the cell. |
| cell wall | is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane. |
| cytoplasm | a fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules. |
| cytoskeleton | is a network of threadlike proteins that are joined together. |
| organelles | membrane-surrounded component of a eukaryotic cells with a specialized function. |
| nucleus | is the part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA. |
| chloroplast | are membrane-bound organelles that use light energy and make food - a sugar called glucose - from water and carbon dioxide in a process known as photosynthesis. |
| passive transport | is the movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy. |
| diffusion | is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| facilitated diffusion | when molecules pass through a cell membrane using special protein called transport proteins. |
| osmosis | is the diffusion of water molecules only though a membrane. |
| active transport | is the movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using he cell's energy. |
| endocytosis | is the process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane. |
| exocytosis | is the process during which a cell's vesicle release their contents outside the cell. |
Created by:
juntthanat
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