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CTC Infection Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency disease, transmitted through direct contact |
| airborne transmission | method of spreading disease by breathing in tiny pathogens in the air |
| allergy | abnormal and individual hypersensitivity |
| antibiotic | medication to treat bacterial infection |
| antibody | provide resistance to disease caused by a particular antigen |
| bacillus, bacilli | rod-shaped bacterium |
| bacteremia | septicemia, bacterial infection in the bloodstream |
| bacteria, bacterium | simple one-celled microbes, named for their shapes |
| bioterrorism | the use of biological agents for terrorist purposes |
| carrier | a person who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others |
| causative agent | a microbe that causes a disease: bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa |
| chain of infection | how disease is spread from one person to another |
| coccus, cocci | round bacteria |
| colony | a group of organisms grown from a single parent cell |
| contact transmission | spread of disease by direct or indirect contact with infected person |
| contagious | capable of passing the infection on to others |
| contaminated | unclean, impure |
| culture and sensitivity | test to find out what kind of organism (usually a bacteria) is causing a disease and specific medicine used to treat the disease |
| diplo- | arranged in pairs (bacterium) |
| distended | enlarged |
| droplet transmission | moist particles produced by coughing, sneezing, talking, laughing or singing |
| dysentery | infection of the lower bowel |
| escherichia coli | e. coli, bacterium normally found in intestinal tract |
| flora | microbes that live on our body surfaces |
| fomites | anything that comes in direct contact with excretions or secretions of an infected person |
| fungi, fungus | class of organisms to which molds & yeasts belong |
| hantavirus | disease spread by contact with rodents or their excretions |
| hemoptysis | spitting up blood |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver caused by virus |
| host | person who has an infectious organism |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus, cause of AIDS |
| immune response | protective proteins the body develops after having an infectious disease |
| immunity | ability to fight off disease caused by microbes |
| immunization | man-made defenses to protect against specific pathogens |
| immunosuppression | when body's immune system is weak & can't fight off diseases that it normally could |
| incubation | multiplying or growing |
| infection | when pathogen invades the body & cause disease |
| infectious | capable of transmitting the disease |
| inflammation | process that brings blood & phagocytes to the area of infection |
| methicillin-resistant | group of organisms resistant to powerful antibiotics |
| microbe | microorganism; teeny, seen only through a microscope |
| microorganism | microbe; teeny, seen only through a microscope |
| mold | organism in fungus family |
| nonpathogen | microorganisms that do not disease |
| organism | any living thing, plant or animal |
| parasite | an organism that lives in/on another organism without benefitting the host organism |
| pathogen | microbes that cause disease |
| petechiae | small purplish spots on the skin caused by teeny hemorrhages |
| phagocyte | special cells in the blood that destroy microbes |
| portal of entry | where or how the organism enters the body |
| portal of exit | infectious organisms leave the body through body secretions |
| protozoa, protozoan | simple one-celled organisms that live on living matter |
| pseudomembranous colitis | very serious condition, good bacteria killed off by antibiotics, bad bacteria flourish |
| reservoir | or source, where pathogens can survive |
| risk factor | specific characteristics about a person that make them more or less likely to develop an infection |
| seizure | convulsion |
| seropositive | HIV positive, show antibodies to HIV in the blood |
| source | reservoir, where pathogen can live |
| spirillum, spirilla | spiral bacterium |
| staphylo- | clusters (of bacterium) |
| strepto- | chains (of bacterium) |
| toxin | poison |
| transmission | spread of disease |
| tubercle | barrier the body makes to protect against the spread of TB |
| tuberculosis disease | develops when tubercle breaks down or more bacteria enter the body |
| tuberculosis infection | when bacterium that causes TB enters the body |
| vaccine | weakened antigens that help the body develop protective antibodies |
| vancomycin-resistant enterococci | group of organisms resistant to powerful antibiotics |
| vector | carrier that transmits disease |
| virus | microbes by which some infectious diseases are transmitted |
| yeast | single-celled budding form of a fungus |
| antigen | pathogenic microbe that enters the body |
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