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Biochemistry KP

Macromolecules

TermDefinition
What macromolecule has the greatest amount of energy per gram? Lipids
What is the main function of carbohydrates? short term energy
What are the six most common elements in macromolecules? CHONPS
These proteins are very specific, can be used and reused. Enzymes
What are the 3 characteristics of a carbohydrate? CHO, 1:2:1, rings
What is the main function of proteins? Build & repair
Carbon will always form this many bonds? 4
What is the definition of a hypothesis? Educated guess
What is the molecular formula for Glucose? C6H12O6
What process removes water to build a polymer? Dehydration Synthesis
High temps and extreme pH can do what to an enzyme? Changes the shape of an enzyme.
What is a polymer? Large molecule made up of many monomers.
What is a monomer? small subunits that make up polymers
What process breaks down polymers with the addition of water? Hydrolysis
What do enzymes do to activation energy? Lowers it
These proteins speed up a reaction. Enzymes
How many parts make up a nucleotide? 3
What three parts make up the monomer, nucleotide? pentose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous bases
What are the small subunits that make up carbohydrates? monosaccharides
What are the four macromolecules? Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
What is the monomer of protein? amino acid
What is the monomer (2 parts)for lipids? glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Polysaccharide composed of long chains of monosachharides
disaccharide composed of two units of monosachharides
What two characteristics help identify a protein? COOH NH2 Central carbon
How many essential amino acids are there that we must consume? 9
DNA and RNA belong to what macromolecule? Nucleic Acids
What is the main function of Nucleic Acids? Storage of genetic information, make proteins
What is the 3 carbon skeleton molecule called? Glycerol
Hemoglobin transports Oxygen in the blood
Created by: kparker34
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