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Genetics Vocab

QuestionAnswer
heredity the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another
trait a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person
genetics the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
fertilization the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
pure bred bred from parents of the same breed or variety
gene a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
alleles one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
dominant allele An allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele
recessive allele allele masked with dominant allele
hybrid the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule
probability the extent to which something is probable; the likelihood of something happening or being the case.
punnet square The Punnett square is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment
phenotype the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
genotype the genetic constitution of an individual organism
homozygous having two identical alleles for a trait
heterozygous two different alleles for a trait
codomminance is a relationship between two versions of a gene
meiosis a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell
messenger rna the form of RNA in which genetic information transcribed from DNA as a sequence of bases is transferred to a Ribosome.
transfer rna RNA consisting of folded molecules that transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome.
mutation the changing of the structure of a gene
Created by: Wolfman12
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