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Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Heredity Passing, or capable of passing, naturally from parent to offspring through the genes
trait A distinguishing characteristics or quality, especially of one's personal nature
genetics The scientific study of hereditary
fertilization The joining of a sperm and an egg
purebread The offspring of many generations that have the same traits
gene The set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
alleles The different forms of a gene
dominant allele An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
recessive allele An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
probability A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur
Punnett square A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
phenotype An organism's physical appearance, or visible trait
genotype An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations
homozygous Having two identical alleles for a trait
heterozygous Having two different alleles for a trait
codominance A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive
meiosis The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells by which number of chromosomes is reduced by half
messenger RNA RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm
transfer RNA RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosome and adds it to the growing protein chain
mutation A change in a gene or chromosome
hybrid An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait
Created by: Olivia_Simpson
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