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Clinical Research
Clinical Reserach Quiz 1 pt 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Borrowed theory | non-nursing models used by nurse researchers; when the appropriateness of borrowed theories for nursing inquiry is confirmed, the theories become shared theories |
| Conceptual definition | the abstract or theoretical meaning of the concept being studied |
| Conceptual model/ Conceptual framework/ Conceptual scheme are less formal means of organizing phenomena than theories; like theories, conceptual models deal w/ abstractions (concepts)assembled by virtue of their relevance to common theme; | there's no deductive sys of propositions that assert & explain relationships among concepts. Conceptual models are not formally “tested” |
| Descriptive theory: a broad characterization that can thoroughly describe a single phenomenon; | descriptive theories are ones that describe or categorize characteristics of individuals, groups, or situations by abstracting common features observed across multiple manifestations; large part of QUALITATIVE RESEARCH |
| Error term | the mathematic expression (i.e. in a regression analysis) that represents all unknown or unmeasurable attributes that can affect the dependent variable |
| Framework | the overall conceptual underpinnings of a study; a conceptual rationale |
| Grand theory/Macro theory | ”macrotheories” in place to describe & explain large segments of the human experience; they attempt to describe large segments of the human experience |
| Grounded theory | data-driven explanations to account for phenomena under study through inductive processes |
| Health Belief Model: a popular framework in nursing studies that focuses on pt compliance and preventive healthcare practices. | The model states that health-seeking behavior is influenced by a person’s perception of threat posed by a health problem and the value associated with actions aimed at reducing the threat. |
| Ideational theories | one of 2 cultural theories adopted by ethnographers suggesting that cultural conditions and adaptations stem from mental activity and ideas |
| Induction | |
| Laws | |
| Materialistic theories | theories that view material conditions (i.e. resources, money, and production) as the source of cultural developments |
| Mathematic model | |
| Middle-range theory | theories developed by nurses that focus on more specific phenomena of interest to nurses |
| Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Theory: 1990, focuses on concept of uncertainty—the inability of a person to determine the meaning of illness-related events; | according to theory, people develop subjective appraisals to assist them interpreting the experience of illness and tx.uncertainty occurs when people aren’t able to recognize and categorize stimuli. ; ex of MIDDLE RANGE THEORY |
| Model | a symbolic representation of concepts or variables, and interrelationships among them |
| Orem’s Self-Care Model: a conceptual model going off of the self-care deficit nursing theory; | states that self-care activities are what people do on their own behalf to maintain health and well-being; the goal of nursing is to help people meet their own therapeutic self-care demands |
| Pender’s Health Promotion Model | a diagramed model for explaining and predicting the health-promotion component of lifestyle; schematic models can be useful in clarifying and succinctly communicating linkages among concepts. |
| Roy’s Adaptation Model: in this model, humans viewed as biopsychosocial adaptive systems who cope with environmental change through the process of adaptation. | W/in t/ system, there are 4 subsystems: physiological/physical, self-concept/group identity, role function and interdependence; the goal of nursing in this model is promote client adaptation; broad CONCEPTUAL MODEL of nursing |
| Schematic model/Conceptual map | visual representations of some aspect of reality; they use concepts as building blocks but with minimal word usage; graphic, theory-driven representations of phenomena and their interrelationships using symbols or diagrams and a minimal use of words |
| Shared theory | when the appropriateness of borrowed theories for nursing inquiry is confirmed, the theories become shared theories |
| Social Cognitive Theory | offers an explanation of human behavior using the concepts of self-efficacy and outcome expectations; they’re focused on people’s belief in their own capacity to carry out particular behaviors |
| Statistical model | |
| Substantive theory | conceptualizations of the target phenomenon being studied |
| Symbolic interactionism: the most prominent theoretical system in grounded theory which has three underlying premises: 1. Humans act toward things based on meanings for them; | 2. The meaning of things arises out of the interaction humans have with other fellow humans; 3rd, meanings are handling in, & modified through, an interpretive process in dealing with thins humans encounter |
| Theory | a theory is a set of interrelated concepts that are tied or linked together; an abstract generalization that offers a systematic explanation about how phenomena are interrelated |
| Theory of Planned Behavior | an extension of the Theory of Reasoned Action that provides a framework for understanding people’s behavior ad its psychological determinants |
| Theory of Stress and Coping: an effort to explain people’s methods of dealing with stress (environmental and internal demands that tax or exceed a person’s resources and endanger his or her well-being); | the model states that coping strategies are learned, deliberate responses used to adapt to or change stressors |
Created by:
Fukanwa
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