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bio chap 2 quiz
section 2-1, 2-2, 2-3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | basic unit of matter |
| Protons, neutrons, and electrons | subatomic particlesthat make up atoms |
| Nucleus | center of atom formed from protons & neutrons binded together |
| Electron | a negatively charged particle (-) with 1/1840 of mass of a proton |
| Element | a pure substance that consists entirely of 1 type of atom |
| Isotopes | atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain |
| Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties | b/c they have the same number of electrons |
| Compound | a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions |
| Main types of chemical bonds | ionic bonds & covalent bonds |
| Ionic bond | formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| Ions | positively & negatively charged atoms |
| Covalent bond | forms when electrons are shared between atoms |
| Molecule | the smallest unit of most compounds |
| Van der Waals forces | intermolecular forces of attraction between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules |
| Why is a water molecule polar | because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms |
| Cohesion | an attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| Adhesion | an attraction between molecules of different substances |
| Mixture | a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
| Solution | when ions gradually become dispersed in the water, forming a type of mixture |
| Solute | the substance that is dissolved |
| Solvent | the substance in which the solute dissolves |
| Suspensions | mixtures of water and nondissolved material |
| pH scale | a measurement system to indicate the concentration of H+ ions in solution |
| Acid | any compound that forms H+ ions in solutions |
| Base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH- ions) in solution |
| Buffers | weak acids or bases that can react w/ strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH |
| Monomers | the smaller units which form polymers |
| Polymers | the larger units formed by monomers |
| The 4 groups of organic compounds found in living things are | carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins |
| Carbohydrates | compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms |
| Monosaccharides | single sugar molecules |
| Polysaccharides | large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides |
| Lipids | made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms |
| Nucleic acids | macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorous |
| The 2 types of nucleic acids are | ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
| Proteins | macromoloecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Amino acids | the monomers that make up proteins |
Created by:
pointedance
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