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Biology 7.2
Biology- Bones and Muscles Chapter 7 Section 2 -Finished
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| appendicular skeleton | includes the 126 bones that form the pectoral girdle (the shoulders) and the pelvic girdle (the hips) and the appendages (the arms and legs) |
| pectoral girdle | the shoulder bones - includes the shoulder blades and the collarbones |
| scapulae | the shoulder blades- ....another name for the largest bones of the pectoral girdle are the shoulder blades - which contain the sockets for the arm |
| clavivle | another name for your collar bone - the scapula is braced by a collarbone, and it attaches to the top of your sternum |
| humerus | the larges of the three bones in the arm - which makes up the upper arm and it attaches to the scapula at the shoulder joint |
| ulna | the bone on the same side of your forearm as your little fingeraz and it is attached firmly to the humerus by a strong hingelike joint |
| radius | the bone on the same side as your thumb, and is attached to the ulna and humerus by a weaker but more movable joint that allows it to rotate around the ulna |
| carpus | the hand is attached to the ulna and radius by the bones of the wrist, another name for the wrist |
| metacarpals | branching out form the wrist are theses hive bones which compose the base of the thumb and the main part of the hand |
| phalanges | attached to the metacarpals are fourteen bones which form the fingers and thumb |
| pelvic girdle | it is composed of two large, heavy pelvic bones that attach to the sacrum of the axial skeleton, forming a rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight |
| pelvic bones | two large, heavy pelvic bones that attach to the sacrum of the axial skeleton, forming a rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body's weight |
| femur | the largest bone of the leg (and the longest bone of the body) |
| tibia | the main weight-bearing bone of the leg is the shin bone, which extends from the knee joint to the ankle |
| fibula | the other bone of the lower leg, is much thinner than the tibia and does not attach to the femur at any point |
| patella | the kneecap, which is found on the front of the knee |
| tendon | is a strong "cable" of though fibers that attaches a muscle to a bone |
| tarsus | the bones of the ankle - the foot is attached to the tibia and fibula by this |
| metatarsals | five of these bones which are in the front of the tarsal bones, which correspond to the metacarpals of the hand |
| phalanges | these 14 bones are attached to the metatarsals, and they correspond to those of the fingers and thumb |
| what are the major parts of the apperdicular skeleton -15 THINGS- | clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, femur, patella, fibula, tibia, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges |
| Explain how the bones of the forearm allow the hand to rotate. Why is this a wise design? | when you rotate your hand, the ulna does not rotate, but remains fixed relative to the humerus: the radius and the hand rotate around pivots on the ulna- the wise design provides the forearm with great strength while allowing for rotation of the hand |
| Explain how the foot is a marvel of GOD'S design and engineering. | It has 26 bones which work together to hold the body up. It has to balance our tall, upright body. God designed the foot so well, and His wisdom is beyond our imagination |
| Why can football players have a cracked fibula and (except the pain) run a walk normally? | because the fibula is much thinner than the tibia and it does not attach to the femur at all. So, therefore, if broken a person could still run because their femur is unharmed |
| how does the ulna and radius make your hand rotate? | the ulna is attached firmly to the humerus by a strong hingelike joint and the radius and is attached to the ulna and humerus by a weaker but more movable joint that allows it to rotate around the ulna |
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