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biology
cell vocabulary >.<
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | basic unit of life |
| cell theory | all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, new cells are produced from exsting cells |
| eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| prokaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| prokaryotic cells | have genetic material that is not contained in a nucleus |
| eukaryotic cells | contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell |
| organelles | little organs |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nucleus | contains nearly all of the cells DNA |
| chromatin | granular material in the nucleus. consists of DNA to build protein |
| ribosomes | small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | site where lipid componets of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell |
| golgi apparatus | modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| lysosomes | dogests lipids, carbohydrates and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell |
| vacuoles | store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in photosyhthesis |
| cytoskeleton | network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. |
| centrioles | help organize cell division |
| cell membrane | regulates what enters and leaves the cell. provides protection and support |
| lipid bilayer | composition of nearly all cell membranes |
| cell wall | provides support and protection for the cell |
| concentration | mass of solute in a given volume of solution |
| diffusion | when particles tend to move from an area more concentrated to an area less concentrated |
| equilibrium | when concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| isotonic | same strength |
| hypertonic | above strength |
| hypotonic | below strength |
| facilitated diffusion | the helping of the diffusion of glucose across the membrane |
| active transport | movement of of materials in the opposite direction |
| endocytosis | process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
| unicellular | an organism made up of one cell |
| multicellular | organism made up of many cells |
| levels of organization | individual cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| organ | many groups of tissues working together |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
Created by:
snickerfan
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