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science chapter 2
weather factors
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| electromagnetic waves | a form of energy that can travel through space |
| radiation | the direct transfer of energy by electronic waves |
| infrared radiation | a form of energy with wavelengths that are longer than red light. not visible but can be felt by heat. |
| ultraviolet radiation | its given off from the sun and has wavelengths shorter than violet light. (sunburns) |
| scattering | reflection of light in all directions |
| greenhouse affect | the process by which gases hold heat in the air |
| thermal energy | the total energy of motion of the molecules of a substance |
| temperature | the average amount of energy of motion of each molecule of a substance |
| thermometer | a thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid (mercury or colored alcohol) |
| heat | the energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder one |
| convection | the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid |
| conduction | the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another that one is touching |
| wind | the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to areas of low pressure |
| anemometer | a tool with 3 or 4 cups mounted on the ends of spokes that is used to measure wind speed |
| wind-chill factor | the increased cooling that a wind can cause |
| local winds | winds that blow over short distances caused from unequal heating of the earths surface within a small area. |
| sea breeze | a wind that blows from an ocean or lake |
| land breeze | the flow of air from land to a body of water |
| monsoon | sea and land breezes over a large region that change directions with the seasons |
| global winds | winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances |
| coriolis effect | the way earths rotation makes winds curve |
| latitude | the distance from the equator measured in degrees |
| jet streams | high speed winds aout 10 km above earths surface |
| psychrometer | a tool that has 2 thermometers |
| dew point | the temperature at which condensation begins |
| cumulus | clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton |
| stratus | clouds that form in flat layers |
| cirrus | wispy feathery clouds (ice crystaly) |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches earths surface (rain,hail,snow,sleet) |
| droughts | long periods of unusually low precipitation that can cause great hardship |
Created by:
msarsfield
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