Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
USMLE
Pharm 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Toxicity of amantadine | Ataxia + dizziness+ slurred speech ("Amantadine causes problems with cerebellA") |
| Two antiviral medications that inhibits influenza neuraminidase, both used for influenza A and B | Zanamivir, Oseltamivir |
| Antiviral - inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides by competitively inhibiting IMP dehydrogenase, used for treatment of RSV and chronic hep C | Ribavirin |
| Toxicity for Ribavirin | Severe teratogen, Hemolytic anemia |
| This antiviral medication preferentially inhibits viral DNA polymerase when phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase | Acyclovir |
| Antiviral medication used for treatment of VZV, HSV, EBV, mucocutaneous and genital herpes lesions, prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients | Acyclovir |
| Toxicity for acyclovir | Delirium, Tremor, Nephrotoxicity |
| Antiviral drug - works by phosphorylation viral kinase, preferentially inhibits CMV DNA polymerase, drug of choice for CMV especialy in immunocopromised patients | Ganciclovir |
| Which drug is more toxic - acyclovir or ganciclovir to host enzymes | Ganciclovir |
| Ganciclovir toxicity | Leukopenia, Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia, Renal toxicity |
| Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor that binds to the pyrophosphate binding site of the enzyme. Does not require activation by viral kinase | FOSCARNET = pyroFOSphate analog |
| Antiviral drug used for treatment of CMV retinitis in immunocompromised patients when ganciclovir fails | FOSCARNET |
| Patient is on foscarnet for CMV retinitis, which toxicity could be suspected? | Nephrotoxicity |
| Saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, aprenavir - class of drugs | HIV therapy, protease inhibitors - inhibit assembly of new virus by blocking protease enzyme |
| HIV patient is taking anti HIV drugs, develops GI intolerance - nausea, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, lipid abnormalities, thrombocytopenia - which drugs was he taking? | PROTEASE INHIBITORS |
| Zidovudine (AZT), didanosine, zalcitobine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir - what class of drugs | Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleosides |
| Name non-nucleosides reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Nevirapine, Delavirdine, Efavirenz |
| Toxicity associated with reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Bone marrow suppression (neutropenia, anemia), Peripheral neuropathy, Lactic acidosis (nucleosides), Megaloblastic anemia, Rash (non-nucleosides) |
| Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) generally entails combination of? | Protease inhibitors + reverse transcriptase inhibitors |
| Which antiretroviral drug is used during pregnancy to reduce risk of fetal transmission | AZT |
| Patient on anti HIV therapy develops megaloblastic anemia - which drug most likely caused it | AZT |
| When is HAART initiated? | When patients have low CD4 counts (<500 cell/mm3) or high viral load |
| Glycoproteins from human leukocytes that block various stages of viral RNA and DNA synthesis, used for treatment of chronic hep B and C, Kaposis sarcoma Name drug and what toxicity associated with it | Interferons, Neutropenia |
| Antiparasitic drug from onchocerciasis | Ivermectin (rIVER blindness treated with IVERmectin) |
| Antiparasitic drug used to treat nematode/roundworm (pinworm, whipworm) infections | Mebendazole/thiabendazole |
| Antiparasitic drugs used to treat giant roundowrm (ascaris), hookworm (Necator/Ancylostoma) and pinworm (Enterobius) | Pyrantel pamoate |
| Antiparasitic used to treat trematode/fluke (shistosomes, Paragonimus, Clonorchis) and cysticercosis | Praziquantel |
| Niclosamide is used to treat? | Cestode/tapeworm, infections except cysticercosis |
| Drug of choice for leishmaniasis | Pentavalent antimony |
| Name anti malaria drugs | Chloroquine, Quinine, Mefloquine, Atovaquone, Proguanil |
| Name drug used for treatment of latent hypnozoite (liver) forms of malaria (Plasmodium vivax, P.ovale) | Primaquine |
| Drug of choice against giardiasis, amoebic dysentery, bacteria vaginitis, Trichomonas | Metronidazole |
| Drug of choice for Chagas disease, American trypanosomiasis (trypanosoma cruzi) | Nifurtimox |
| Drug of choice for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) | Suramin |
| Cholinomimetic used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention - activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle | BETHANECHOL |
| Direct agonist, cholinomimetic used for treatment of glaucoma, activates ciliary muscle of eye (open angle), pupillary sphincter (narrow angle) | Carbachol, pilocarpine |
| Anticholinesterase, used in treatment of postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade (postoperative), increases endogenous Ach | Neostigmine |
| Anticholinesterase used in treatment of myasthenia gravis - increases endogenous Ach, increases strength | Pyridostigmine |
| This anticholinesterase is used for diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (extremely short acting), increases endogenous Ach | Edrophonium |
| Anticholinesterase, used in treatment of glaucoma (crosses BBB to CNS) and atropine overdose, increases endogenous Ach | Physostigmine |
| Anticholinergic, used for treatment of glaucoma, increases endogenous Ach | Echothiophate |
| Name symptoms of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning | (“DUMBBELSS”): Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal muscle, Lacrimation, Sweating, Salivation (also abdominal cramping) |
| Name substances that can lead to cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning | Parathion and other organophosphates |
| Antidote used in treatment of organophosphate poisoning | Atropine (muscarinic antagonist) plus pralidoxime (chemical antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase) |
Created by:
Asclepius
Popular USMLE sets